The paper, based the data obtained form the field work and the literature concerned, discusses the changes in the ethnic relations and the factors that may influence the relations between Xibo ethnic groups and Han ethnic group in Aixinsheli town of Xibo Autonomous County, Xinjiang. The theoretical perspectives of the paper are mainly from ethnic-sociology and ecological anthropology, and as the research filed of the author lies in the studies of environment and society within ethnology, more attent...