基于机器学习的历史街区街巷热舒适关联研究——以重庆磁器口历史文化街区为例

【作者】 施乾雨； 李旭；

【机构】 重庆大学；

【摘要】 历史文化街区的街巷作为游客与市民户外活动的重要公共空间,其热环境影响着游人的空间体验与行为活动。本研究定量探索了重庆磁器口历史街区空间要素对夏季人体热舒适度的影响,以通用热气候指数(UTCI)为测量指标。采用梯度提升决策树(GBDT)回归模型和偏依赖图(PDP)分析,定量评估街道方向、宽高比、街道宽度等空间因素对UTCI的影响。研究表明,街道方向和尺度对夏季UTCI有重要影响,具体表现为(1)120度东北-西南向街道为最佳朝向;(2)更窄的街道能够减少日照量提供更舒适的体验环境;(3)街道高宽比在0.5-1时为较好人体舒适度区间。这些结论进一步为历史区域的城市规划提供了指导。这一研究强调了在城市设计中考虑热舒适度的重要性,为可持续城市发展和遗产保护提供了实践洞察。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important public space for outdoor activities of tourists and citizens, the thermal environment of streets and alleys in historical and cultural districts affects the spatial experience and behavioral activities of visitors. This study quantitatively explored the influence of spatial elements on human thermal comfort in summer in Chongqing Maguikou Historic District, measured by the Universal Thermal Climate Index(UTCI). Gradient boosted decision tree(GBDT) regression model and partial dependency plot(PDP) analysis were used to quantitatively assess the effects of spatial factors such as street orientation, aspect ratio, and street width on UTCI.The study shows that street orientation and scale have important effects on summer UTCI, as shown by(i)120-degree northeast-southwest oriented streets are the best orientation;(ii) narrower streets can reduce the amount of sunlight to provide a more comfortable experiential environment; and(iii) a street aspect ratio of 0.5-1 is a better human comfort zone. These findings further provide guidance for urban planning in historic areas. This study emphasizes the importance of considering thermal comfort in urban design and provides practical insights for sustainable urban development and heritage conservation.更多还原