【作者】 杜建飞； 顾松强； 马剑丽； 周厚荣； 成天涛； 李想； 徐春阳；

【Author】 Jianfei Du;Songqiang Gu;Jianli Ma;Hourong Zhou;Tiantao Cheng;Xiang Li;Chunyang Xu;Shanghai Baoshan Meteorological Bureau;Department of Environmental Science & Engineering,Fudan University;Shanghai Pudong Meteorological Bureau;Shanghai Baoshan Environment Monitoring Station;Jiangsu Suqian Meteorological Bureau;

【机构】 上海市宝山区气象局； 复旦大学环境科学与工程系； 上海市浦东新区气象局； 上海市宝山区环境监测站； 江苏省宿迁市气象局；

【摘要】 基于宝山及浦东两站的酸雨历史观测资料,分析上海地区酸雨长期变化的气候特征及其形成原因,并对比分析降水酸度的空间分布差异。宝山站降水总体上呈弱酸性,多年平均pH值为5.21,酸雨率为24%。降水pH值年际变化仅现微弱下降趋势,电导率K值呈明显的逐年上升变化,平均每年增加2.0μS·cm^-1,而酸雨率波动较大,从2004年8%增至2009年48%。降水pH值在冷季较低,暖季较高,电导率K正相反。浦东酸雨平均pH值4.38低于宝山的5.08,酸雨率浦东79.5%远高于宝山的33%。大气污染物SO₂、NO₂及PM10浓度与酸雨pH值呈负线性相关,而与电导率K呈正相关。大气颗粒物含量、污染物化学组成、降水量、风向等对降水pH值及酸雨率变化具有重要的影响作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the historical observation data of acid rain at Baoshan and Pudong sites of Shanghai,the long-term trend and formation of regional acid rain changes and the spatial distribution of precipitation acidity were analyzed.Generally,precipitation at Baoshan site shows weak acidity,and the mean rainfall pH is 5.21 and the mean acid rain rate is 24%.The inter-annual variation of rainfall pH shows a slight downward trend.The electrical conductivity K obviously increases year by year by an average annual increase of 2μS·cm-1.The acid rain rate fluctuates from 8% in 2004 to48% in 2009.The rainfall pH usually is lower in the cold season and higher in the warm season,on the contrary is the electrical conductivity K.The average pH of acid rain in Pudong 4.38 is lower than that in Baoshan 5.08.The acid rain rate in Pudong 79.5% is higher than that of Baoshan 33%.Atmospheric pollutants of SO2,NO2 and PM10 concentrations are negatively correlated with rain pH,and positively related to electrical conductivity.Atmospheric particulate pollutants,chemical composition,precipitation,wind have important effects on precipitation pH and acid rain rate change.更多还原