【作者】 甄宝华； 姚本先；

【Author】 Zhen Baohua;Yao Benxian;School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University;Department of Psychology,Anhui Normal University;

【机构】 南京师范大学心理学院； 安徽师范大学心理学系；

【摘要】 新冠疫情的爆发和持续可能使个体产生创伤体验,导致人们出现创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和创伤后成长(PTG)等心理反应。这些积极或消极心理反应性质不同,却能够共存于经历创伤的人群中,对个体的认知和行为功能具有广泛的影响。以往研究多从变量角度探究不同因素对个体PTSD和PTG的影响,但这种方式忽略了个体存在的异质性,采用个体中心对个体创伤后心理反应进行分析的研究较少。针对这些问题,同时考虑到青少年心理发展的重要性,本研究基于创伤后心理反应的破碎世界假设和情感-认知加工模型,探究青少年PTSD和PTG共存的潜在类别及社会支持、共情与应对方式的作用。采用问卷方式对湖北省某初中学生进行调查,获得有效问卷921份,对数据进行潜在剖面分析,并通过多元Logistic回归探索青少年PTSD和PTG的潜在类别及其影响因素。结果发现,青少年PTSD与PTG共存模式可以分为成长组(42.5%),低症状组(20.9%)和压力抗争组(36.6%)三种类型。社会支持、共情、积极应对和消极应对方式可以预测青少年的潜在类别状况。这些结果说明,青少年创伤后心理反应存在成长组、低症状组和压力抗争组三种潜在类别,表明青少年创伤后心理反应具有异质性和稳定性的特点。因此,对青少年创伤后心理反应进行干预时既要重视积极因素的普遍性影响,也要关注个体差异,以更好促进青少年成长。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) causes individuals to experience trauma, lead to various positive and negative psychological reactions. Posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and post-traumatic growth disorder(PTG) are two of the common psychological reactions. As two posttraumatic outcomes with distinct valence,PTSD and PTG may coexist in people with traumatic experience, and have extensive effects on individuals’ cognitive and behavioral functions. Previous studies found that PTSD and PTG were affected by different factors,such as environmental, emotional and behavioral factors. However, most studies explored the effect used the variable-centered analysis, and few studies analyzed posttraumatic psychological reactions from person-center. In order to solve these problems, and considering the importance of adolescent psychological development, based on shattered assumptions and affective-cognitive processing model of post-traumatic psychological reactions, the present study explored the latent patterns of adolescent PTSD and PTG, and the role of social support, empathy and coping styles. A self-report questionnaire was used to investigate the students of a junior middle school in Hubei Province, and 921 valid questionnaires were obtained. The latent profile analysis was used to explore the latent patterns of PTSD and PTG in adolescents, which were finally identified into three subtypes: growth group(42.5%), low symptoms group(20.9%), stressed and struggled group(36.6%). Multiple logistic regression found that social support, empathy, positive coping and negative coping styles could predict adolescents’ latent patterns.These results suggested that there are three latent patterns of adolescent posttraumatic psychological reactions,indicating that adolescent posttraumatic psychological reaction has the characteristics of heterogeneity and stability. Therefore, in the intervention of adolescents’ posttraumatic psychological reactions, attention should be paid to both universal influence of positive factors and individual differences, so as to better develop the growth of adolescents.更多还原