【作者】 沈健； 刘云飞； 白如意； 苏壮壮； 潘晓娜； 宋希梅； 程永安； 张显； 陈秀红； 马建祥；

【Author】 SHEN Jian;LIU Yunfei;BAI Ruyi;SU Zhuangzhuang;PAN Xiaona;SONG Ximei;CHENG Yong’an;ZHANG Xian;CHEN Xiuhong;MA Jianxiang;College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Sancang Town;

【机构】 西北农林科技大学园艺学院； 三仓镇农业农村局；

【摘要】 为延长中国南瓜花粉保存时间,克服花期不遇及解决种质资源的保存问题,以中国南瓜(Cucurbita moschata) 2个种质材料N138、N142的花粉为试材,采用醋酸洋红染色法测定花粉生活力,先分析中国南瓜不同种质花粉生活力与出粉率的差别,再通过对比室温下自然风干、硅胶干燥及在4、-20、-40℃保存的花粉生活力,探究不同干燥方式及贮藏温度对南瓜花粉生活力的影响。结果表明:中国南瓜花粉存在初始生活力不高、出粉率低的问题。常温下,较于硅胶干燥,自然风干能有效减缓花粉生活力的下降速度,花粉的最佳干燥方式为自然风干。不同贮藏温度对中国南瓜花粉生活力的影响有显著差异,较于4和-20℃,-40℃能有效延长花粉保存的时间,花粉短期保存的最佳温度为-40℃。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to prolong the preservation time of Cucurbita moschata pollen,overcome the rare flower-ing period and solve the preservation problem of germplasm resources,the pollen of two germplasm ma-terials N138 and N142 of C.moschata were used as test materials,and the pollen viability was measured by aceto-carmine staining method.The differences of pollen viability and pollen yield among different ger-mplasm materials of C.moschata were analyzed.The effects of different drying methods(natural air dry-ing,silica gel drying,both at room temperature) and storage temperature(4,-20,-40°C) on the viability of C.moschata pollen were studied.The results show that low initial viability of pollen and low pollen yield are the characteristics of C.moschata.At room temperature,compared with silica gel drying,natural air drying can effectively slow down the decline of pollen activity.The best drying method of pollen is natural air drying.The effects of different storage temperatures on pollen viability of C.moschata are significantly different.Compared with 4 and-20°C,-40°C can effectively prolong the preservation time of pollen,and the best temperature for short-term preservation of pollen is-40°C.更多还原