【作者】 钱文丽； 黄晶菁； 徐鑫； 唐任之慧； 焦克媛； 邹欣妍； 申新兰； 王建平；

【Author】 Wenli Qian;Jingjing Huang;Xin Xu;Renzhihui Tang;Keyuan Jiao;Xinyan Zou;Xinlan Shen;Jianping Wang;Faculty of Psychology,Beijing Normal University;Department of Social Work and Social Administration,The University of Hong Kong;

【机构】 北京师范大学心理学部； 香港大学社会工作及社会行政学系；

【摘要】 背景:丧失所爱之人是一种令人极度痛苦的负性生活事件,疫情背景下的丧亲可能更具有创伤性。但是危机中往往蕴含着成长的机会,即人们在疫情背景下丧亲适应的过程中也可能出现一定程度的创伤后成长。中国研究者已开发出应用于失独(失去独生子女)父母的创伤后成长简版量表(PTGI-CS-SF),包括自我改变、人际关系、人生哲学三个维度,每个维度3题,且具有良好的信效度。因此,本研究试图在疫情背景下的丧亲者中验证其心理测量特性,并在此基础上探究了疫情背景下丧亲者的创伤后成长的不同模式及不同模式的预测因素。方法:对308名2020年上半年丧亲的丧亲者(Mage=33.75,SD=12.07,89名男性)进行线上调查,测量工具包括人口统计学信息(性别、年龄、受教育水平、有无宗教信仰),丧亲相关信息(丧亲时长、是否自然死亡、有无心理预期)、压力生活体验整合量表和PTGI-CS-SF。结果:验证性因素分析结果表明,PTGI-CS-SF第6题自我改变维度改为人生哲学维度后,量表在疫情背景下的丧亲者中可以获得良好的信效度。潜在剖面分析结果表明,疫情背景下丧亲者的创伤后成长可分为3个不同特征的亚组,分别为低成长组(47.4%;C1),低自我改变-高生活哲学组(32.1%;C2)和高成长组(20.5%;C3)。至于潜在剖面的预测因素,相比于C2组,年龄更大、受过高等教育、丧亲时间更短的个体更可能属于C1或C3组。此外,意义建构可以预测任意两组的差异。结论:失独父母创伤后成长简版量表经过一定调整后可推广至疫情背景下的丧亲者人群中使用。疫情背景下的丧亲者的创伤后成长可依据不同特征分为三个亚组,意义建构是不同亚组的最有力的预测因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Background:Losing a loved one is an extremely painful negative life event.Bereavement under COVID-19 could be even more traumatic.However,with crisis comes opportunities for growth,Bereaved people under COVID-19 may also have a certain amount of post-traumatic growth through their adaptation to bereavement.Chinese researchers have developed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory in Chinese shidu parents(who lost their only child)-short form(PTGI-CS-SF).The inventory consisted of three dimensions(changes in self,relationships with others and philosophy of life) and three items udner each dimension.As its reliability and validity has been verified in Chinese Shidu parents,this study aimed to explore its psychometric characteristics in bereaved people under COVID-19.On this basis,the study also looked into the different patterns of post-traumatic growth in bereaved people under COVID-19and the predictive factors of these patterns.Method:308 bereaved people who lost their relatives in the first half of 2020(Mage=33.75,SD=12.07,89 males) were investigated online.The measurement tools included demographic information(gender,age,dichotomized educational level,dichotomized religious belief),bereavement related information(bereavement duration,dichotomized natural death,dichotomized expectedness),the Integration of Stressful Life Experiences Scale and PTGI-CS-SF.Results:Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that should item 6 of PTGI-CS-SF be removed from the changes-in-self dimension and listed under philosophy-of-life dimension instead,the scale would attain better reliability and validity in bereaved people under COVID-19.The results of latent profile analysis suggested that the posttraumatic growth of bereaved people under COVID-19 could be divided into three subgroups with different characteristics including low growth group(47.4%;C1),low changes in self-philosophy of life group(32.1%;C2) and high growth group(20.5%;C3).As for the predictors of the latent profiles,older age,higher education,and shorter bereavement duration could predict the subgrouping of bereaved individuals.In addition,meaning-making could predict the difference between any two groups.Conclusion:PTGI-CS-SF can be extended to the bereaved population under COVID-19 after some adjustment.The post-traumatic growth of bereaved people under COVID-19 can be divided into three subgroups according to different features,and meaning-making is the most powerful predictor of the subgroup of post-traumatic growth of bereaved people under COVID-19.更多还原