【作者】 陈雅梅； 张艺瑶； 杨柯； 白丽英；

【Author】 CHEN Yamei;ZHANG Yiyao;YANG Ke;BAI Liying;School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Fuzhou University;School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University;School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University;

【机构】 福州大学人文社会科学学院应用心理学系； 华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院； 陕西师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 生态文化对信任这一复杂的社会心理过程有着重要影响,近年来愈发受到研究者们的重视。以往研究大多从国家间跨文化比较的视角探究生态文化对信任的影响,近年来逐渐有研究者尝试从国家内的地域差异对信任问题进行探索。然而目前还少有研究对中国内部南北方不同生态文化下的信任差异进行探讨,其内在心理机制也尚未明确。研究采用信任博弈范式,在国家间研究基础上探讨了中国内部南北地域生态文化差异对人类信任行为的影响及其内在心理机制。实验1采用2×2的混合设计,考察了在地区来源和社会距离的共同影响下南北方个体的信任差异。结果显示:(1)北方人具有更强的内群体偏好,对内群体成员具有更高的信任水平;(2)中国内部信任存在地区效应,信任双方的地区来源对信任产生影响。北方人更加信任同地区人,南方人不存在地区信任偏好;(3)社会距离能够缓和信任的地区效应;(4)互惠预期是信任地区效应的内在心理机制。实验2引入互惠预期变量,采用2×2×2的混合设计,用于检验中国内部信任地区效应是否受到互惠预期的影响。结果显示:(1)互惠预期是信任地区效应的内在心理机制,验证了实验1的结果;(2)互惠预期仅在近社会距离条件下产生影响,在远社会距离条件下不起作用。研究发现了中国内部信任存在地区效应,并验证了互惠预期是其内在心理机制,为中国南北方信任的相关研究提供了更加全面、辩证的研究视角,同时也拓展了社会距离和互惠预期的相关研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological culture has an important impact on trust which is a complex psychosocial process, and scholars pay more and more attention to it in recent years. Previous studies have mostly used the way of cross-cultural comparison among countries to explore the influence of ecological culture on trust. In recent years, some researchers have gradually tried to explore the problem from regional differences within the county. However, researches on the difference of trust between the north and the south of China under different ecological cultures are almost blank, and its underlying mechanism is also unclear. Based on the inter-country research, this study used the paradigm of Trust Game to explore the influence of ecological and cultural differences between the north and the south of China on trust behavior and its underlying mechanism. In Experiment 1, the mixed design of 2×2 was adopted to investigate the differences of trust between individuals from the north and the south of China under the influence of regional sources and social distance. The results of Experiment 1 show that:(1) Northerners have stronger internal group preferences and higher level of trust in in-group members;(2) China’s internal trust has regional effect, and the regional sources of both sides of trust have influence on trust. Northerners trust people from the same region more, southerners do not have regional trust preference;(3) Social distance is able to mitigate trust region effect;(4) Reciprocity expectation is the underlying mechanism of trust region effect. Introducing the variable of reciprocity expectation, Experiment 2 adopted the mixed design of 2×2×2 to examine whether the region effect of China’s internal trust is affected by reciprocity expectation. The results of Experiment 2 show that:(1) Reciprocity expectation is the underlying mechanism of trust region effect, which verifies the results of Experiment 1;(2) Reciprocity expectation has an effect only in acquaintances, but not in strangers. This study finds the trust regional effect existing between the north and the south of China and verifies its underlying mechanism, which provides a more comprehensive and dialectical perspective for the research on China’s internal trust, and meanwhile expands the research on social distance and reciprocity expectation.更多还原