【作者】 史从戎； 杜夏雨； 张涛； 卢珊； 任志洪；

【Author】 Shi Congrong;Du Xiayu;Zhang Tao;Lu Shan;Ren Zhihong;Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education;School of Psychology, Central China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province;

【机构】 青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室华中师范大学心理学院湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室；

【摘要】 背景:在病毒爆发或大流行的背景下,高度健康焦虑者容易将无害的身体感觉和变化误解为被感染的证据。健康焦虑发展和维持的主要因素之一是对健康威胁相关刺激的注意偏向。然而,已有研究对于健康焦虑者对威胁相关刺激是否表现出注意偏向的回答并不完全一致。为此,本研究试图通过元分析,以综合效应探索健康焦虑者对威胁相关刺激的注意偏向,以及注意偏向发生的条件。方法:为了充分利用已有研究的效应量信息,增强统计检验力,本研究运用多水平元分析方法,考察健康焦虑者对威胁相关刺激的注意偏向的组间(健康焦虑组与对照组)及组内(威胁相关刺激与中性刺激)效应。结果:组间效应分析共纳入20项研究,57个效应量;健康焦虑组的组内效应分析共纳入7项研究,17个效应量;对照组的组内效应分析共纳入5项研究,13个效应量。结果发现:(1)与对照组相比,健康焦虑组对威胁相关刺激表现出显著的更大的注意偏向(g=0.321)。(2)与中性刺激相比,健康焦虑组对威胁相关刺激表现出显著的更大的注意偏向(g=0.193),且显著大于对照组(g=0.139)。(3)与对照组相比,在情绪Stroop范式、症状词刺激、疾病词刺激条件下,健康焦虑组对威胁相关刺激表现出显著的更大的注意偏向。(4)与对照组相比,健康焦虑组对威胁相关刺激表现出显著的注意警觉(g=0.323)。结论:健康焦虑者对威胁相关刺激存在真实的注意偏向;以往研究结果的不一致,可能源于研究范式、刺激类型的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Background: In the context of a virus outbreak or pandemic, people with high health anxiety are prone to misinterpret harmless bodily sensations and changes as evidence of infection. An attentional bias towards health-threat related stimuli has been proposed as one of the main factors for the development and maintenance of health anxiety. However, previous studies have not been entirely consistent in whether an attention bias towards threat-related stimuli is shown in health anxiety. Thus, this meta-analysis aims to explore the attention bias towards threat-related stimuli in health anxiety and examine potential moderators. Methods: To fully extract effect sizes from extant studies and strengthen the statistical power of the tests, a multilevel meta-analysis was used to investigate the between-group(health anxiety vs. control) differences in the attention bias towards threat-related stimuli and within-group(threat-related stimuli vs. neutral stimuli) differences. Results: 57 effect sizes were computed from 20 studies included in the between-group meta-analysis, 17 effect sizes from 7 studies included in the within-health-anxiety-group analysis, and 13 effect sizes from 5 studies included in the within-control-group analysis.We found that: 1) compared with the control group, the health anxiety group showed a significantly greater attentional bias to threat-related stimuli(g = 0.321). 2) compared with neutral stimuli, the health anxiety group showed a significantly greater attentional bias to threat-related stimuli(g = 0.193), which was significantly greater than that of the control group(g = 0.139). 3) compared with the control group, the health anxiety group showed a significantly greater attentional bias to threat-related stimuli under the condition of emotional Stroop paradigm,symptom word, and illness word stimuli. 4) compared with the control group, the health anxiety group showed significant attentional vigilance towards threat-related stimuli(g = 0.323). Conclusions: People with high health anxiety have a true attentional bias to threat-related stimuli. Inconsistences in the results of previous studies may come from diverse types of paradigm and stimulus.更多还原