【作者】 王丛； 贾超； 刘森； 杨霄； 杨帆； 刘扬； 于翠翠；

【Author】 Wang Cong;Jia Chao;Liu Sen;Yang Xiao;Yang Fan;Liu Yang;Yu Cuicui;Institute of Oceanography,Shandong University;Shandong Institute of Surveying and Mapping;

【机构】 山东大学海洋研究院； 山东省地质测绘院；

【摘要】 研究城市人工湿地土壤养分空间分布特征和影响因素对城市湿地的生态保护和规划管理具有重要意义。本文以济西湿地为研究对象,利用GIS方法分析了湿地土壤养分和盐分的空间分布特征,结合单因素方差分析、相关性分析和主成分分析的方法讨论了养分和盐分含量的受控因素。结果表明:1)研究区内有机质、总氮、速效氮的含量为中等水平,总磷和速效钾的含量为很高水平。垂向上浅层土壤各养分和盐分的变异水平比中层和深层高,同层中速效养分比其他养分和盐分变异水平高。2)垂向上湿地土壤各养分和盐分的含量随层深的变化情况显示出不同程度的差异性,各养分和盐分的含量随土壤深度的加深呈现不同程度的减小趋势。水平方向上湿地土壤的养分和盐分高值区与低值区镶嵌分布,高值区大多分布在湿地外围西北和东南的耕地区。3)土壤不同养分的积累存在协同效应,高p H造成土壤养分流失,细颗粒含量增多使养分积累。耕地因大量施用肥料,土壤中的养分比沼泽林地更富集。4)湿地土壤养分和盐分受到自然因素和人为因素的共同影响,在局部区域受人类活动影响较大。在湿地修复初期,退耕还林对土壤中的养分状况影响不大。本研究可以为城市人工湿地的规划和管理提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Studying the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil nutrients in urban constructed wetlands is of great significance to the ecological protection and planning management of urban wetlands. This paper takes Jixi wetland as the research object,uses GIS method to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of wetland soil nutrient and salt,and discusses the controlled factors of nutrient and salt content combined with single-factor analysis of variance,correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The results show that: 1) The content of organic matter,total nitrogen and available nitrogen in the study area are at a medium level,and the content of total phosphorus and available potassium are at a high level. The variability levels of nutrients and salinity in the vertical shallow soil are higher than those in the middle and deep layers,and the available nutrients in the same layer are higher than other nutrients and salinity. 2) The content of nutrients and salt in vertical wetland soil varies with the depth of the layer,showing different degrees of differences. The content of nutrients and salt in the wetland shows different degrees of decreasing trends with the deepening of the soil. In the horizontal direction,the nutrient and salinity of wetland soil are inlaid in high-value areas and low-value areas,and the high-value areas are mostly distributed in the northwest and southeast cultivated areas. 3) There is a synergistic effect in the accumulation of different nutrients in the soil. High p H will cause the loss of soil nutrients,and the increase in the content of fine particles will cause the accumulation of nutrients. Due to the extensive application of fertilizers,cultivated land has more nutrients in the soil than swamp forest land. 4) Wetland soil nutrients and salinity are affected by both natural and man-made factors,and are greatly affected by human activities in local areas. In the initial stage of wetland restoration,returning farmland to forests has little effect on the nutrient status of the soil. This research can provide a scientific basis for the planning and management of urban constructed wetlands.更多还原