【作者】 王会会； 雷童； 李雅爽； 赵俊峰；

【Author】 Wang Huihui;Lei Tong;Li Yashuang;Zhao Junfeng;College of Educational Science,Henan University;the International Cooperative Research Center for physical and mental health of disadvantaged people,Henan University;

【机构】 河南大学教育科学学院； 河南大学弱势人群身心健康国际合作研究中心；

【摘要】 汉英语言转换的理解能力是学生英语学习的关键性因素。语言转换是个体从运用的一种语言向另一种语言的转换,它集合了对汉语和英语两种不同语言的理解和应用,而由于转换所引起的资源消耗被为语言转换代价。本研究采用维斯康星卡片分类测试(WCST),选取不同认知灵活性特点的高中生34名为被试,采用2(高认知灵活性,低认知灵活性)×2(汉语,英语)×2(重复,转换)的混合实验设计,探讨了启动词50ms和100ms下语言转换的反应时和转换代价,并运用事件相关电位(ERP)对启动词在不同呈现时间下语言转换的脑电特点进行探讨。通过实验研究,最后得出如下结论:行为结果显示:首先,高认知灵活性高中生语言转换的反应时与转换代价小于低认知灵活性高中生,高认知灵活性高中生双语转换代价是对称的,低认知灵活性双语转换代价不对称。其次,当启动词呈现不同时间时,50ms下的语言转换代价小于100ms。脑电结果显示:首先,早期成分P200在汉英不同刺激类型下的波幅差异显著,启动词呈现50ms下的P200峰值小于100ms,表明了被试在启动词呈现100ms条件下,对目标词的加工更加深入,会占用了更多的认知资源;其次,高认知灵活性高中生在语言转换时的N2波幅显著大于低认知灵活性高中生,表明了高认知灵活性被试高中生有更高的抑制控制能力;最后,当启动词呈现时间为50ms时,认知灵活性高低组被试N2波幅差异不显著;100ms条件下,高认知灵活性高中生语言转换的N2波幅大于低认知灵活性高中生。更多还原

【Abstract】 The comprehension of Chinese-English language switching is the key factor to learning English. Language switching is designed as using a language to another language, the resource consumption during switching is language switching cost. Language switching shows the different understanding and application of Chinese and English,This study used Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST) to screened 34 high school students(16 high cognitive flexibility and 18 low cognitive flexibility). A 2(high cognitive flexibility and low cognitive flexibility)*2(Chinese and English)*2(repetition and switch) mixed design was employed. Then adopt Event-Related Potential and go/no-go semantic categorization task to examine the mechanism of language switching during experiment focused on different prime duration(50 vs.100ms).Through the experimental study, the following conclusions are drawn: The results of behavioral showed that: firstly, the reaction time and switching cost of high cognitive flexibility was significantly shorter than that of low cognitive flexibility. And the switching cost in high cognitive flexibility students was symmetrical, whereas that in low cognitive flexibility students was not. Secondly, in a different prime duration, the switching cost of 50 ms prime was lower than 100 ms prime. The results of EEG showed that: firstly, the amplitude of the early component P200 was significantly different under different stimulation types of Chinese and English. The peak value of P200 under 50 ms was less than 100 ms, which indicated that the subject was more deeply processed under the condition of 100 ms, which would take up more Cognitive resources. Secondly, the mean amplitude of N2 was greater negative in high cognitive flexibility students than in low cognitive flexibility students, It shows that subjects with high cognitive flexibility have higher inhibition control ability. Thirdly, in 50 ms prime condition, there is no significant difference on the mean amplitude of N2; in 100 ms prime condition, the mean amplitude of N2 was greater negative in high cognitive flexibility students than in low cognitive flexibility students.更多还原