【作者】 李志敏； 刘文；

【Author】 Zhimin Li;Wen Liu;Xinxiang University;School of Psychology,Liaoning Normal University;

【机构】 新乡学院； 辽宁师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 积极互惠是指个体在社交互动中"你对我好,我对你也好"的一种互动行为。众多研究表明,幼儿时期是互惠行为发展的重要时期,并且随着年龄的增长,生理及心理机能的成熟,幼儿互惠行为的发展开始呈现出一定的发展规律。留守幼儿由于家庭成员的长期缺失,在人际交往过程中表现出退缩行为较多,而亲社会行为较少的现象。以往研究表明,道德情绪的诱发能够较好的促进幼儿分享、助人等亲社会行为的发生,而其对留守幼儿积极互惠行为的影响仍有待考察。本研究分为两个实验:实验一,采用实验法,随机选取河南省某市3所乡镇幼儿园的留守幼儿60名,探讨道德情绪诱发对留守幼儿积极互惠行为的影响;实验二,选取留守幼儿60名,随机分为控制组与实验组,通过为期3个月,每周一次,每次20分钟的绘本阅读的干预方法,从情绪识别、情绪表达、情绪调节3个模块对留守幼儿的道德情绪进行培养,比较控制组与实验组幼儿的积极互惠行为,考察道德情绪培养对留守幼儿积极互惠行为的干预效果。研究结果表明:(1)道德情绪的诱发能够影响留守幼儿积极互惠行为。(2)道德情绪的培养对留守幼儿的积极互惠行为起到了积极的促进作用。通过实证研究,本研究给予广大家长与教育工作证重要启示:道德情绪对幼儿的积极互惠行为有着重要的影响,其道德情绪的培养能够很好的促进留守幼儿的积极互惠行为,从而促进其亲社会性的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Positive reciprocal behaviors is defined as a mutually beneficial behaviors in the social activities. Previous studies indicated that early childhood is an important stage in the development of reciprocity. Since the long-term lack of family members, stay-at-home children tended to perform more withdrawal behaviors and less prosocial behaviors. Induction of children’s moral emotion could motivate their prosocial behaviors. However, the influence of the induction on stay-at-home requires investigations. This study includes two experiments. In experiment one, we confirmed the influence of induction of moral emotion on the positive reciprocal behaviors of stay-at-home children. Experimental methods was performed on 60 stay-at-home children randomly selected from 3 kindergartens in X City, Henan Province. In experiment two, the influence of moral emotion on positive reciprocal behaviors was investigated. The 60 stay-at-home children was randomly divided into two groups, including control group and experimental group. The children in experimental group was required to reading picture books 20 minutes per week in 3 weeks. The moral emotion of stay-at-home children was developed in three aspects, including emotional recognition, expression, and adjustment. The result in this study showed that: 1. Induction of moral emotion influenced the positive reciprocal behaviors of stay-at-home children; 2. Development on moral emotion promoted the positive reciprocal behaviors of stay-at-home children. This study suggests that emotion significantly affects prosocial behaviors of children. Development on moral emotion could effectively promote the positive reciprocal behaviors of stay-at-home children. This in turn could improve the prosociability of them.更多还原