【作者】 马秉霞； 李艳娇； 张杰； 李宛姗； 张永凯；

【Author】 Ma Bingxia;Li Yanjiao;Zhang Jie;Li Wanshan;Zhang Yongkai;The First Hospital of Jilin University;

【机构】 吉林大学第一医院；

【摘要】 目的:分析我院儿科住院患者抗菌药物的使用情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:从我院病历系统调取2016年10月-2017年9月住院患儿的病历,等距抽取1000例,统计分析患儿的基本情况(姓名、性别、年龄、临床诊断、住院天数),抗菌药物使用情况,联合用药情况及病原学送检情况等。结果:1000例住院患儿中,抗菌药物使用率达80.60%(806/1000),其中93.47%以静脉滴注给药,共涉及29种药品:非限制使用级9种,限制使用级11种,特殊使用级9种,口服药品6种,静脉给药23种。其中大环内酯类、头孢菌素类以及青霉素类医嘱分别占41.43%、34.98%、17.98%,其他类药品占5.61%;联合用药处方占27.79%(224/806),其中,以β内酰胺类抗菌药物和大环内酯类联用为主;换药处方占33.99%(274/806)。结论:我院儿科住院患者抗菌药物使用较为合理,但使用抗菌药物的起点较高,经验性和预防性用药较多,临床药师仍需要采取有效的措施进行干预,以促进合理用药。同时建议临床医生在使用抗菌药物应严格按照用药指征,加强临床药师与临床医师的沟通与配合,充分发挥临床药师的作用,对儿童的用药必须考虑其生理特点,尽量做到个体化给药,保证患儿的用药安全合理。同时也呼吁药品生产厂家能研发更多适合儿童的药品规格和剂型,为医师和药师提供更多的儿童用药的参考信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To analyze the use of antibiotics in pediatric inpatients of our hospital, and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use..Methods: Totally 1,000 cases of hospitalized children from May 2015 to May 2016 were isometric random sampled from the hospital medical record system. The basic information of the children, the use of antibiotics, the combination of drugs and the situation of etiology were analyzed. Results:The antibiotics use ratio of the 1,000 cases was 80.60%(806/1000),of which 93.47% were given by intravenous drip. It involved 29 kinds of drugs including 9 drugs of unrestricted use level, 11 drugs of limited use level, 9 drugs of special use level, 6 oral drugs and 23 intravenous drugs. Macrolides,cephalosporins and penicillins accounted for 41.43%, 34.98% and 17.98%, and other drugs accounted for 5.61% of these drugs. Combined prescriptions accounted for 27.79%(224/806), in which beta-lactam antibiotics and macrolides were the main drugs, and drug-exchange prescriptions accounted for 33.99%(274/806).Conclusion: The use of antibiotics in pediatric inpatients of our hospital is reasonable, but the starting point of the use of antibiotics is higher,and the empirical and preventive medication are slightly overmuch. The clinical pharmacists need to take effective measures to intervene in it to promote rational use of drugs.更多还原