【作者】 王世全； 王伟印； 黄勇军； 陈毅；

【Author】 WANG Shi-quan;WANG Wei-yin;HUANG Yong-jun;CHEN Yi;Hangzhou Applied Acoustics Research Institute;

【机构】 杭州应用声学研究所；

【摘要】 水听器广泛应用于水声声压测量中,如水声探测、水声通信和噪声测量等。为保证测量结果的准确性,水听器需要经常性校准。标准水听器的校准通常采用一级校准方法,如三换能器互易法。光学方法作为一种一级校准方法,从19世纪80年代开始应用到水声校准领域。随着技术的发展,光学法的应用范围从兆赫兹频段向千赫兹频段扩展。本文中介绍了互易法与光学法原理和校准装置,并利用光学法和三换能器互易法分别对一只B&K8105水听器和一只TC4034水听器进行了校准,给出了两套装置的测量不确定度,并对校准结果进行了比较。两种一级校准方法的校准结果具有一致性,两种方法之间的偏差小于两套装置的合成测量不确定度,同时给出了可能的引起偏差的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrophones are widely used for underwater sound pressure measurements,such as underwater acoustic detection,communication and noise measurements.The Hydrophones need to be calibrated regularly in order to assure the accuracy the of the measurement results.For the hydrophones which work as reference standards,they are usually calibrated using primary methods such as the three-transducer reciprocal method.The optical method has been used in the calibration of hydrophones since 1980 s as a primary method.With the development of this technique,it has extended its applications to the kilohertz frequency range.In this paper the optical method was introduced and the calibration facility was described.A B&K8105 and a TC4034 hydrophones were calibrated using the optical method and the three-transducer reciprocal method respectly.The measurement uncertainties of the two facilities were determined and the calibration results were compared.It shows that the calibration results from the two primary methods were in good agreement with each other.The discrepancies between different methods were less than the combination measurement uncertainty of the two facilities.The possible reasons which caused the discrepancies were also listed.更多还原