【作者】 线婷； 刘红柏；

【Author】 XIAN Ting;LIU Hongbai;Zhejiang Fishery Technology Extension Center;Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;

【机构】 浙江省水产技术推广总站； 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所；

【摘要】 作为世界上广泛养殖的重要冷水性鱼,虹鳟已日渐成为我国养殖业中具有重要经济价值的名优鱼类。但由于其对生境要求严苛,导致温度应激损伤在虹鳟养殖,特别是运输过程中表现的尤为明显,为虹鳟养殖业的健康持续发展造成巨大阻碍。本文通过检测受试虹鳟肝组织中热应激相关的非特异性免疫功能指标的变化,探讨了三种复方中草药小柴胡汤、藿香正气汤、茵陈蒿汤对虹鳟非特异性免疫功能的影响。实验选用虹鳟幼鱼(体质量为30±5g)为研究样本,分为小柴胡汤组(以下简称复方一组)、藿香正气汤组(以下简称复方二组)、茵陈蒿汤组(以下简称复方三组)三个实验组及一个对照组(基础饲料组)。将中草药复方水煎剂制作成药饵,复方一、二、三实验组分别按照0.90、1.82、1.88 g/kg体质量进行投喂,每组设三个平行,每个平行30尾鱼。实验采用逐步升温至热应激温度的方式,分别于常温15℃、热应激20℃、热应激25℃温度采集各对照及中草药组样品,并测定相关指标变化情况。实验分别选取乳酸脱氢酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和还原型谷胱甘肽等非特异性免疫指标进行检测,实验结果如下:连续投喂药饵后,在常温15℃养殖条件下时,虹鳟血清中谷丙转氨酶含量最小值出现在复方三组为(6.64±0.23)IU/L。显著低于对照组;25℃热应激时仍有显著效果。在常温15℃养殖条件下时:复方二组虹鳟血清中谷草转氨酶活性最低为262.58±47.32 IU/L。显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。25℃热应激时仍有显著性差异。在25℃热应激时:复方三组虹鳟肝脏中过氧化氢酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综合分析得出:三种复方中草药可在一定程度上提高虹鳟非特异性免疫功能及抗氧化功能,热应激情况下仍能起到一定促进作用。综合比较,复方二与复方三效果较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important cold-water fish that is widely bred in the world,rainbow trout has gradually become a famous fish with important economic value in the breeding industry in China.However,due to harsh habitat requirements,the temperature stress injury caused by rainbow trout farming,especially in the transport process,is particularly evident,which poses a huge obstacle to the healthy and sustainable development of the rainbow trout farming industry.In this paper,the effects of three kinds of compound Chinese herbal medicine Xiaochaihu Decoction,Huoxiang Zhengqi Decoction and Yinchenhao Decoction on the non-specific immune fonction of rainbow trout were investigated by detecting the changes of heat stress-related non-specific immune function indexes in the liver tissues of the tested rainbow trout.The experimental rainbow trout juvenile fish(body weight 30±5 g)was used as the study sample and divided into Xiaochaihu Decoction group(hereinafter referred to as "Compound I group"),Huxiangzhengqi Decoction group(hereinafter referred to as "Compound I group")and Yinchenhao Decoction group,(hereinafter referred to as compound Ⅲ group)three experimental group and one control group(basal feed group).The Chinese herbal compound decoction was made into baits,and the Compound Nos.Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ experimental group were fed at 0.90,1.82,and 1.88 g/kg body weight,respectively.Each group was set up with three parallel,30 fishes in parallel.The experiment was gradually heated to the heat stress temperature.Samples of each control and Chinese herbal medicine were collected at normal temperature 15℃,heat stress 20℃,and heat stress 25℃,and the changes of related indicators were measured.The experiment selected non-specific immune indicators such as lactate dehydrogenase,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,catalase and reduced glutathione.The experimental results were as follows:After continuous feeding of baits,At the normal temperature of 15℃,the minimum of ALT in rainbow trout serum appeared in the compound Ⅲ group 6.64±0.23 IU/L.Significantly lower than the control group;There is still a significant difference in heat stress at 25℃.When cultured at room temperature 15℃,the lowest AST activity in the serum of compound Ⅱ rainbow trout was 262.58±47.32 IU/L.Significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).There is still a significant difference in heat stress at 25℃.At 25℃:the activity of CAT in the liver of the compound Ⅲ group of rainbow trout was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Comprehensive analysis shows that:Compound Ⅰ,The three compound Chinese herbal medicines can all improve the non-specific immune function and antioxidant function of rainbow trout to a certain extent,and can still promote the heat stress.Comprehensive comparison,the effect of Compound Ⅱ and Compound Ⅲ is better.更多还原