【作者】 徐华山； 唐芳芳； 武玮； 徐宗学；

【Author】 Xu Huashan;Tang Fangfang;Wu Wei;Xu Zongxue;Key laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences,Ministry of Education,College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University;Institute of Resources and Environment,Henan Polytechnic University;

【机构】 北京师范大学水科学研究院水沙科学教育部重点实验室； 河南理工大学资源环境学院；

【摘要】 流域水质时空演变特征分析和污染源识别对实施流域水资源保护和可持续利用具有重要意义。多元统计分析是定性识别污染源的一类有效方法。收集漳卫南运河流域2001～2009年19个监测站点的月水质监测数据,选取10个常用水质参数,参照GB 3838-2002标准,采用综合模糊评价法对流域水质进行评价。结果发现19个站点分为两类:5个站点水质符合国家标准,14个站点水质不符合国家水质标准。漳卫南运河流域水质空间上可以分为两大类:一类是位于流域西北部漳河中上游区域,该区域水质优良。第二类为卫河流域及漳卫南运河东部平原区,该区域水体污染严重,水质较差。采用因子分析/主成分分析法和多元回归分析法定性识别了流域水质污染的主要污染源并对其贡献率进行了计算。因子分析/主成分分析和多元线性回归分析结果表明,对漳河中上游区域水质造成影响的潜在污染源主要为3类:第一类为农业活动和造纸、炼钢、炼焦等工业废水排放。第二类为降雨引起的非点源污染。第三类是化工类工业源排放。卫河及流域干流卫运河和漳卫新河水体污染物主要有4个来源:第一类是采矿及畜禽养殖废水排放。第二类是市政污水、造纸废水、农业活动和重工业如炼钢、炼焦工业废水排放。第三类是化学工业废水排放。第四类是汛期暴雨事件引起的非点源污染。采用主成分多元线性回归方法评价了各种污染源的贡献率。结果可以为漳卫南运河流域水污染控制战略制定提供有益的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Identification of water pollution source in river basins is very important for water resources protection.Multivariate statistical analysis is an effective method to identify the water pollution source in river basins.In this study.19 monitoring sites were selected in Zhangweinan River basin and 10 water quality parameters were determined monthly during the year 2001 to 2009.Water quality was assessed using fuzzy comprehensive analysis(FCA) according to National Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards of China.It was revealed that 5 sites were classified as "’meeting standard regions" and 14 sites as "’non-meeting standard regions".Results of fuzzy comprehensive analysis indicated that the Zhangweinan River basin can be classified into two regions.One is the Zhang River upstream located in the northwest of the Zhangweinan River basin where water quality is good.The other covers the Wei River and eastern plain of the Zhangweinan River basin,where water is seriously polluted.According to Principal Component Analysis(PCA).three potential pollution sources(agricultural activities and industrial wastewaters discharge,non-point source pollution from storm event,and chemical industries wastewater discharge) were identified which explained 96.786% of the total variance in "meeting standard regions",and four potential pollution sources(mining activities and livestock and poultry raising,domestic sewage,papermaking wastewater,agricultural activities,heavy industries wastewater discharge,chemical industries wastewater discharge,and non-point source pollution from storm event) that explained 89.478% of the total variance in "non-meeting standard regions".Additionally,receptor modeling through Multi-linear Regression of the Absolute Principal Component Scores(APCS-MLR) was used to estimate contributions from identified pollution sources to each water quality variable and each pollution level.These results provided useful information for better pollution control strategies in the Zhangweinan River basin.更多还原