【作者】 赵鑫； 么宗利； 来琦芳； 周凯； 孙真；

【Author】 ZHAO Xin;YAO Zongli;LAI Qifang;ZHOU Kai;SUN Zhen;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;

【机构】 盐碱地渔业工程技术研究中心东海水产研究所中国水产科学研究院； 上海海洋大学水产与生命技术学院；

【摘要】 为了探明硫酸盐型土壤盐分与淋洗水离子组成的变化规律,同时避免洗田水造成次生盐碱,为盐碱水养殖提供理论基础,开展室内土柱模拟淋洗实验,设置不同冲洗频率,分析土壤盐分及离子洗过规律。结果表明:在不同的冲洗频率下,淋洗水盐分变化趋势呈现指数变化规律,盐分和主要盐分离子冲洗效果为每天冲洗组>每三天冲洗组>每五天冲洗组。淋洗水各个盐分离子的淋洗速率总体呈现出阴离子Cl^->SO₄^2->HCO₃^-,阳离子Na⁺>K⁺>Ca²⁺>Mg²⁺。离子洗脱速率不同,使得洗脱过程中淋洗水水质类型从氯化物型转化为硫酸盐型。不同冲洗频率对0-40cm表层土壤改良效果基本一致,整个土柱冲洗效果每天冲洗组>每三天冲洗组>每五天冲洗组。土壤中Na⁺、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Mg²⁺和Ca²⁺离子洗脱效果均表现为每天冲洗组>每三天冲洗组>每五天冲洗组。土壤离子组成类型在冲洗前后没有变化。在相同用水量下,每天冲洗模式更加适合硫酸盐型土壤的改良。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the variation of soil salinity andThe ionic composition of leaching water,and provide scientific basis for the technique of culture at saline-alkali waters,soil column leaching experiments were carried out in laboratory and different frequence of irrigating,The soil salt ion washing rate and leaching water type were analyzed with different washing frequency.The results showed that the leaching water exponentially decreased in different frequence of irrigating,And the salt and the major ions in the following order the daily group>the three days group >the five days.The Ion elution rate of leaching water were in order of Cl->SO₄^2->HCO₃^- and Na⁺ > K⁺>Ca²⁺>Mg²⁺.The different frequence of soil ions make The water type of leaching water changed from the chloride type to sulfate type.the improvement effects are almost the same in the 0-40 cm soil layer,but the effect of three groups of the whole soil column in the following order the daily group>the three days group >the five days.the effect of different frequence of irrigating on the desalinization rations of Na⁺,Cl^-,SO₄^2-,Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ listed in the following order: the daily group>the three days group >the five days group.The soil ion composition had no change.Under the same water consumption,the daily group could achieve better improvement effect in the sulfate saline alkali soil.更多还原