【作者】 霍军生； 孙静； 常素英； 刘克军；

【Author】 Huo Junsheng;Sun Jing;Chang Suying;Liu Kejun;National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention;

【机构】 中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所； 联合国儿童基金会中国办事处； 国家卫生健康委发展研究中心；

【摘要】 目的对营养包在贫困地区6～24月龄婴幼儿贫血改善进行成本效益分析研究。方法 2010年在甘肃、陕西和四川省的8个县免费发放营养包,并取得基线和1年后血红蛋白和贫血率。总计覆盖婴幼儿25 125人,抽取其中1200名婴幼儿进行调查和检验,通过贫血率变化计算改善人数。运用微观经济学PROFILING和DALY模型进行分析。结果项目营养包发放工作成本总计6 134 871元;人均成本244元,其中营养包成本121元、办公成本104元、人力成本19元。干预1年后贫血率从干预前的52. 8%显著下降至26. 3%。项目挽回的贫血对生命质量的影响和未来认知能力的降低对生命质量的影响总计为4863. 08人·年。通过PROFILES模型计算,营养包干预1年为项目县带来的效益总计为6930. 65万元;而通过DALY计算,营养包为项目县带来的效益总计为6068. 74万元。项目每避免1例贫血的发生所需投入的成本8个项目县平均为938. 46元,每避免1个DALY损失所需投入的成本8个项目县平均为1261. 52元。成本效益分析结果为,成本效益比至少是1∶10。敏感性分析表明,成本效益比具有稳定性,项目具有较为广泛的适用性。结论采用营养包对贫困地区6～24月龄婴幼儿进行早期营养干预具有良好的经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study on the cost-benefit from anemia reduction of 6-24 months infants in poor rural regions by Ying Yang Bao( YYB) intervention. Methods YYB was donated and distributed to 6-24 months infants in 8 counties in provinces of Sichuan,Gansu and Shaanxi. Total covered infants were 25 125 within them 1200 were sampled and measured hemoglobin levels and change of anemia prevalence in the baseline and after 1 year intervention. Total recovered infants number from anemia was calculated with decrease of anemia rate. The cost-benefit was analyzed with PROFILING and DALY models. Results The total cost estimated was 6 134 871 RMB,average cost per person was 244 RMB among which costs of YYB,administration and manpower were 121 RMB,104 RMB and 19 RMB respectively. After 1 year intervention, the anemia rate significantly declined from 52. 8 % to 26. 3 %. The recovered DALYs from present anemia and future cognition was 4863. 08 person·year. Benefit from 1 year YYB intervention in the counties was 69. 3065 million RMB from PROFILING model and60. 6874 million RMB from DALY model. The average cost of the intervention was 938. 46 RMB in saving 1 anemic and 1261. 52 RMB in saving 1 DALY loss in YYB intervention project. The cost-benefit ratio was 1 ∶ 10 at least. Sensitivity analysis showed stability of this cost-benefit analysis acceptable. Conclusion The nutrition intervention using YYB for poor rural region showed high economic benefit.更多还原