【作者】 郭双双； 郑泉水； 孙沛；

【Author】 Shuangshuang GUO;Quanshui ZHENG;Pei Sun;Psychology Department, School of Social Science, Tsinghua University;School of Aerospace Engineering;

【机构】 清华大学社会科学学院心理学系； 清华大学航天航空学院；

【摘要】 2005年"钱学森之问"引起社会各界对创造力人才培养的反思,近年来国家的"双创"及产业转型趋势也使创造力人才的选拔与培养成为迫切需求,人工智能的迅猛发展更是对人类自身的价值带来了冲击与思考,使何为创造力、如何实现创造力问题变得尤为重要。目前,对于创造力人才应具有什么样的能力素质仍是学界探索的问题。本研究对国内某顶尖大学基础学科拔尖学生培养试验计划的8位教授、3位学生及1位顾问进行深度访谈,以期了解他们对于创造力人才能力素质的看法。每位受访者访谈时间约为40-120分钟。依据扎根理论对访谈文本进行质性分析,我们初步提取出来创造力人才的能力素质模型,包括志向兴趣、基础能力、新颖独特、开放质疑、专注投入、坚毅抗逆、人际关系7个一级指标和22个二级指标。我们对不同的指标进行了定义和解释,并依据覆盖率对指标的重要性进行了排列。本研究最后讨论了创造力人才能力素质模型在创造力人才选拔与培养中的应用,并指出未来应通过进行较大规模、较为长期的纵向追踪,不断优化理论模型,寻找不同能力素质之间的相互作用及相对重要性,形成本土化的创造力人才测评体系并建立创造力人才成长数据库。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2005, " Hsue-shen Tsien’s question" has aroused the reflection of the cultivation of creative talents in all walks of life. In recent years, the country’s "double innovation" and industrial transformation trend have also made the selection and cultivation of creative talents an urgent need. The rapid development of artificial intelligence also brings the value of human beings into question and reflection, making what is creativity and how to achieve creativity especially important. However, at present, what kind of competence and traits should have for creative talents is still a question for academic exploration. Therefore, we conducted in-depth interviews with 8 professors, 3 students and 1 consultant from Basic Subjects Top Students Training Programs at a top university in China, in order to understand their views on the creative talents. Each interviewee interviewed for approximately 40-120 minutes. According to the grounded theory and the qualitative analysis of the interview texts, we preliminarily formed the competencies and traits model of creative talents, including seven primary indicators, such as the ambition and interest, basic ability, novelty and uniqueness, openness and questioning, concentration and investment, perseverance and resilience, and interpersonal relationship. Moreover, 22 secondary indicators are suggested. We define and explain different indicators and rank the importance of them based on coverage. At last, this research discusses the application of the model of creative talents’ competencies and traits in the selection and cultivation of creative talents, and points out that in the future, we should continuously optimize the theoretical model, and find the interaction between and relative importance of different indicators by conducting large-scale and long-term longitudinal study. The formation of a localized creative talents assessment system and the establishment of a database of creative talents growth are also suggested.更多还原