【作者】 曹贤才； 王岩； 王大华；

【Author】 Xiancai Cao;Yan Wang;Dahua Wang;Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University;

【机构】 北京师范大学发展心理研究院；

【摘要】 依恋控制系统模型指出,个体感知到威胁时会自动激活依恋系统,此时依恋对象的高可得性与反应性会使个体获得安全感,降低威胁感和痛苦。而反复经历这一过程将有助于个体在长期内获得主观幸福感和良好的关系结果。个体如何获得依恋对象可得性与反应性的信息呢?经典依恋理论强调了安全基地脚本作为过去经验的表征是提供可得性与反应性信息的重要途经,但是忽视了过去经验中的具体情节也可能提供可得性与反应性信息。因此,本研究认为,除提取脚本知识外,通过回忆过去已经发生及想象未来即将发生的安全基地支持事件,同样可以获得伴侣可得与反应性信息,并决定安全感的获得与否。具体假设为,被试回忆（即情节记忆）和想象（即情节模拟）安全基地支持相关的自传体事件时,他们体验到的伴侣的反应性可以显著预测关系满意度和主观幸福感。研究选取当前正处于恋爱关系至少6个月（6～129月, M=27.54, SD=22.51）的在校大学生136名(N=136;17～31岁, M_age=21.89, SD=2.57;39男)为被试。被试首先完成基本信息问卷,亲密关系体验问卷,恋爱关系质量问卷和主观幸福感问卷,随后进行自传体记忆和想象任务。该任务分别要求被试根据图片线索回忆和想象三件伴侣给与自己帮助、支持或积极回应的事件,并在每个事件后评定事件中伴侣的反应性。结构方程模型分析结果显示,在控制了关系长度及依恋取向等变量后,被试在回忆和想象安全基地支持事件时感受到的伴侣的反应性,能显著正向预测恋爱关系满意度和主观幸福感。该研究结果丰富了依恋控制系统模型的内容,表明除脚本加工外,情节加工在依恋系统中同样发挥重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Attachment control-system model maintains that when adults perceive a threat, whether an attachment figure is available/responsive or not will result in a sense of security or distress, respectively. Repeated experience of the process will benefit or harm, respectively, individuals’ long-term subjective well-being and relationship outcomes. How can adults obtain information about the availability and responsiveness of an attachment figure? Classical attachment theory posited that the experiences of successfully seeking and receiving support from an attachment figure were represented as procedure knowledge called secure base script, and the access to this script could obtain the information about partner’s availability and responsiveness. However, individuals also could obtain this information through the episodic process. More specifically, remembering past and imagining future personal events related to secure-base support could trigger the experience of availability and responsiveness of attachment figure, which is also benefit the well-being and relationship outcome. The current study recruited young adults(N = 136; age range = 17–31 years, M_age = 21.89 years, SD = 2.57 years; 39 men) who were currently involved in a romantic relationship for at least 6 months（range = 6–129 months, M = 27.54, SD = 22.51）. Participants completed measures of relationship satisfaction and subjective well-being; then, they provided specific episodic memory and simulations related to secure-base support as well as rated partners’ responsiveness in each event. Results indicated that partners’ responsiveness in both episodic memory and simulations significantly predicted participants’ relationship satisfaction and subjective well-being. These results provide novel implications for the function of episodic memory and simulation of secure-base support in attachment system.更多还原