【作者】 张晶； 沈悦； 赫一； 刘嵩晗； 宋芳；

【Author】 Zhang Jing;Shen Yue;He Yi;LiuSonghan;SongFang;School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University;Liaoning Education Research Institute;

【机构】 辽宁师范大学心理学院； 辽宁省教育研究院；

【摘要】 自我控制这一概念长期以来一直受到心理学家的广泛关注。自我控制能力不仅在早期儿童心理发展中具有十分重要的地位,而且自控能力缺失还会对个体今后的发展产生十分重要的影响。经研究证实幼儿时期是自我控制力高速发展的时期,自我控制力的发展水平能有效预测个体的心理健康、人际交往能力等。家庭是个体社会化的一个载体,是幼儿成长的一个重要场所,家庭环境和家庭教育方式对于幼儿的成长至关重要的。本研究以大连市、丹东市和哈尔滨市三所幼儿园的幼儿为研究对象,使用幼儿自我控制教师评定量表、家庭亲密度和适应性量表、父母共同养育问卷和照护者喂养方式问卷对113名幼儿进行施测,探讨家庭亲密度与适应性、父母共同养育与喂养方式和自我控制之间的关系。研究发现:(1)幼儿家庭亲密度与适应性对共同养育和自我控制具有正向的预测作用,共同养育对喂养方式具有正向的预测作用,喂养方式对自我控制具有正向的预测作用。(2)共同养育和喂养方式是家庭亲密度与适应性影响自我控制的链式中介变量。研究表明,家庭亲密度作为环境变量可以直接影响父母教养方式(父母共同养育),从而影响父母直接的教养行为(喂养行为),最终影响了幼儿自我控制的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The concept of self-control has long been widely concerned by psychologists. Self-control is not only playing an important role in the early childhood development, and its lacking may but also has a severe influence on individual’s future development. As the study confirmed that early childhood is a period of rapid development of self-control. The level of self-control can effectively predict the individual’s mental health, interpersonal skills etc. Family is a carrier of individual socialization, is an important place for children to grow, family environment and family education for the growth of young children is essential. In this study, children from three cities of Dalian, Dandong and Harbin were selected as the subjects. Using the self-control teacher rating scale, family cohesion and fitness scale, parental co-parenting questionnaire and caregiver feeding questionnaire the relationship between family cohesion and feeding patterns and self-control is discussed. The results showed that:(1) Parent family intimacy and adaptability had positive predictive effect on co-parenting and self-control. Co-parenting had a positive predictive effect on feeding mode, and feeding mode had positive predictive effect on self-control.(2) Co-parenting and feeding patterns are family-dependent variables that adapt to self-control by family intimacy and adaptability. The study shows that family intimacy as an environmental variable can directly affect the parental rearing style(parent’s co-parenting), thus affecting the parents’ parenting behavior(feeding behavior), and ultimately affect the development of children’s self-control.更多还原