【作者】 刘道忠； 赵莹； 高俊； 乐春明； 彭永红；

【Author】 Daozhong Liu;Ying Zhao;Jun Gao;ChunMin Yue;YongHong Peng;Wuhan Institute of Dermatology;

【机构】 武汉市皮肤病防治研究所；

【摘要】 目的探讨武汉市60年麻风病流行状况及存活的残老麻风病人现状。方法统计和分析本所档案室的麻风资料,2004年按照中国麻协提供的"残老麻风病人生活质量调查表"、2009年按照"湖北省历年麻风病存活者个案调查表"、中国疾病控制中心麻风病控制中心"全国麻风病治愈者及现症患者康复需求调查表"对武汉市登记在册的麻风病人进行了调查和登记,数据真实可靠。结果武汉市1952—2012年累计发现病人3441例,目前存活596例,其中住院病人138例,家庭内458例,现症治疗病人14例;武汉市麻风病发病高峰期在1960年,380例/年,发病率为8。493/100000,患病率为0。3049/1000,近五年发病率为0。022/100000,患病率为0。00188/1000;存活麻风病人畸残情况:1—2级畸残病人295例,畸残率为49。5%;自2001年开始实施畸残康复手术,手术病人154例,占52。2%;武汉市1987年开始实施麻风病联合化疗,治疗病人295例,其中多菌型211例,少菌型84例,治愈281例,复发3例,药物过敏4例,其中2例发生DDS药物超敏反应;武汉市1952年成立麻风病防治机构,1952—1971年间建设有5所麻风病医院,其中一所在城区,另4所在城市郊区,共有病床600余张,2009年改造新扩建城区麻风病医院,设病床250张,共有残老病人138例,包括4所郊区麻风医院的病人;武汉市存活的596例病人中,除138例由政府投资集中供养与治疗,另458例均在家庭生活和接受麻风防治机构提供的治疗和帮助,2009年前政府提供的低保生活费和医疗费(公费医疗占25。83%,农村合作医疗占32。69%),2011年以后所有病人均享受政府提供的低保生活费和基本医疗费。结论武汉市达到基本控制麻风病的国家标准;麻风病院的残老病人得到政府提供的环境优美病房、较好的医疗和康复条件;家庭休养的病人也享受政府提供的低保生活费和基本医疗费。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the leprosy epidemic trend for nearly sixty years and the condition of the disabled patients who were still alive in Wuhan. Method To collect the patient’s data from the archive in Wuhan Institution for Prevention and Treatment of Skin Diseases. The data came from the questionnaire about the living standard of disabled patients in 2004, the questionnaire about leprosy survivors in Hubei province in 2009, the survey forms of the rehabilitation demands of cured and active leprosy patients in the Hubei province. Using a statistical method to analyzing these data. Result There were 3441 leprosy cases who were confirmed to have leprosy in clinic from 1952-2012 in Wuhan, 596 cured patients were alive until now, it included 138 in-patients lived in leprosy villages, 458 were at home and 14 patients were currently receiving treatment. The incidence of leprosy was 8.493/1000,000,000. The prevalence rate in the peak time was 0.3049/1000 in 1960, and the leprosy incidence of 0.022/100000 and prevalence of 0.00188/1000 in the last five years;There were 295 cure patients had disability grade 1 or 2 among cure patients who were still alive with a rate of 49.5%; In 2001, leprosy rehabilitation program had been implemented, and 152 cure leprosy patients had been carried out leprosy rehabilitation operation with a rate of 52.2% among all cure patients. The multidrug treatment was put into effect since 1987. There were 295 patients who had received treatment. among them, 211 were multibacillary leprosy cases,84 paucibacillary cases. At present, there were 281 cured patients,3 relapsed and 4 cases with drug allergy,2 patients with DDS hypersensitivity. Wuhan Medical Institution for leprosy control had been set up in 1952,it has 5 leprosy hospitals which were found from 1952 to 1971,one was in urban area, the others were in suburban areas with a total beds of 600. In 2009,the hospital in urban area was extended to 250 beds which hospitalized 138 cured patients come from the suburban hospitals. there were other 458 patients who received help and medical care at home provided by Institution of Leprosy Control. Before 2009, the government provided the living cost and medical care(public health services accounted for 25.83% of all cure patients and rural cooperative medical services accounted for 32.69% of all cure patients),Now all the cured patients had received the living cost and basic medical care from local government. Conclusion It has reached to the leprosy elimination goal in Wuhan.The wards and medical conditiona in leprosy hospitals have been improved. All cured patients had received the living cost and basical medical care provided by the government.更多还原