【作者】 张京江； 张双成；

【Author】 Zhang Jingjiang;Zhang Shuangcheng;Institute of Urban Meteorology,CMA;College of Geology Engineering,Chang’an University;

【机构】 中国气象局北京城市气象研究所； 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院；

【摘要】 针对北京地区雾霾频发的现状,考虑GPS水汽与PM_2.5共有的影响因素,基于北京2016年的逐时GPS水汽数据和PM_2.5浓度数据,按年度和季节对两者的相关性进行了分析。初步研究结果表明:雾霾天气的形成过程与GPS水汽含量的变化密切相关。GPS水汽含量与PM_2.5浓度的年度变化呈负相关性;季节变化呈正相关,特别是冬、夏两季尤为显著。夏季和冬季的个例分析表明,在大气总水汽含量上升的过程中,细颗粒物的吸湿性会导致PM_2.5浓度上升,加剧空气中污染物浓度的增加,加重空气污染的程度。当总水汽含量达到峰值或形成降水时,会稀释颗粒物的浓度,改善空气质量,抑制PM_2.5浓度的上升,甚至导致其浓度值的下降。GPS水汽资料在一定程度上可用于雾霾天气的监测与预报,特别是气象部门可依据GPS水汽含量开展人影作业来减缓雾霾天气的影响,进而为改善空气质量提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Haze is combination of tiny suspending in the atmosphere and complex meteorological conditions. Based on the common influence factors of GPS water vapor and PM_2.5,the correlation between them was analyzed by year and season through the hourly GPS water vapor data and PM_2.5 concentration data of Beijing in 2016. The results showed that the formation of haze was closely related the change of GPS water vapor concentration. The GPS water vapor concentration was negatively correlated with the annual variation of PM_2.5,and the seasonal variation was positively correlated,especially in the winter and summer.The case study of summer and winter showed that in the process of increasing the water vapor content in the atmosphere,the hygroscopicity of fine particles would lead to the increase of PM_2.5 concentration,aggravating the increase of air pollutants concentration and increasing the degree of air pollution. When the total water vapor content reached the peak or precipitation,it would dilute the concentration of particles,improve air quality,inhibit the rise of PM_2.5 concentration,and even lead to the drop of its concentration. Analysis results showed that there was certain correlation between the GPS water vapor and the formation of haze weather. GPS water vapor might be used to monitor and forecast the form of haze weather. In order to degrade the effect of continuous dust-haze and improve air quality,meteorological department also plans to carry out artificial precipitation（ snow） with valuable GPS water vapor.更多还原