【作者】 刘爽； 龚晨睿； 李骏； 程茅伟； 宋毅；

【Author】 LIU Shuang;LI Jun;GONG Cheng-rui;CHENG Mao-wei;SONG Yi;Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention;

【机构】 湖北省疾病预防控制中心卫生监测检验防护所；

【摘要】 目的:研究湖北省农村地区2岁以下婴幼儿喂养现状。方法:采用整群随机抽样的方法选取8个农村县1197名0～23月龄婴幼儿作为研究对象,采用问卷调查收集婴幼儿母乳喂养及辅食添加相关信息。参照WHO 2008年版《婴幼儿喂养评估指标》分析评价喂养状况。结果:0～23月龄婴幼儿的曾经母乳喂养率为93.9%(1124/1197),但早开奶率仅为22.0%(263/1197)。6个月内纯母乳喂养率为72.1%(277/384),1岁持续母乳喂养率为17.0%(26/153),2岁持续母乳喂养率为4.9%(7/144)。辅食添加时间为6个月,断奶时间为9个月。38.2%(274/718)的婴幼儿辅食添加时间不正确。6～23月龄婴幼儿的最少膳食种类合格率为61.7%(502/813),最低膳食频率合格率为81.5%(663/813),最低可接受膳食合格率为54.4%(442/813),富铁或铁强化食品添加率为50.1%(407/813),且上述指标6～月龄组均显著低于12～和18～23月龄组(χ~2=82.506、8.556、73.399、50.981,P<0.05)。结论:开奶不及时、母乳喂养持续时间短、辅食添加时间、种类和次数不当以及富铁或铁强化食品添加少是湖北农村地区婴幼儿喂养存在的主要问题,应予以关注和改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To evaluate the current feeding status of infants and young children under 2 years old in rural areas of Hubei province.Methods:A total of 1197 infants and young children aged 0-23 months from 8 counties were selected by cluster random sampling.The data of breastfeeding and complementary food supplement were collected through the questionnaires.The feeding status was analyzed according to the WHO 2008 edition of " Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices".Results:The rate of ever breastfeeding of children aged 0-23 months reached up to 93.9%(1124/1197),while the percentage of early initiation of breastfeeding was only 22.0%(263/1197).The rate of exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months,continued breastfeeding at 1 year,and continued breastfeeding at 2 years attained 72.1%(277/384),17.0%(26/153) and 4.9%(7/144) respectively.The time of giving complementary food was the 6 th month and the weaning time was the 9 th month.Besides,the complementary food not supplemented in time was 38.2%(274/718) of infants.The rate of minimum dietary diversity,minimum meal frequency,minimum acceptable diet and consumption of iron-rich or iron-fortified foods of children aged 6-23 months were 61.7%(502/813),81.5%(663/813),54.4%(442/813) and 50.1%(407/813),respectively.The above four indicators in 6-11 month-old infants were less than those in 12-17 and 18-23 month-old young children(χ~2=82.506、8.556、73.399、50.981,P<0.05).Conclusion:Great efforts should be made to improve early initiation of breastfeeding,continued breastfeeding and consumption of iron-rich or iron-fortified foods,as well as to change the inappropriate supplement of complementary food in time,category and frequency in rural areas of Hubei province.更多还原