初中生共情能力、人际关系的特点及相关分析

【作者】 聂宏斌； 王一藤； 纪晓宁； 阴山燕；

【机构】 天津中医药大学应用心理学系； 天津中医药大学针灸推拿系；

【摘要】 目的探讨初中生共情能力、人际关系的现状及特点。方法对253名天津市九十二中学的学生施测,采用《人际反应指数量表(中文版)》及《初中生人际关系量表》为测量工具。并采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、相关性检验、逐步回归等方法进行数据分析。结果①初中生的共情能力在性别方面有极其显著的差异(T=-4.05 p<0.001),人际关系在性别方面无显著性差异(T=-0.56 p>0.05);②初中生的共情能力、人际关系在是否是班干部方面有显著差异(T=2.61 0.01<p<0.05;T=4.00 p<0.001);③在单因素方差分析中,初中生的学习成绩对共情能力、人际关系有显著影响(f=3.06 0.001<p<0.05;f=5.77 p<0.001);④父母的家庭教养方式对初中生的人际关系有显著影响(f=7.21 p<0.001);⑤初中生的共情能力与人际关系存在显著正相关(R=0.355 p<0.01)⑥初中生的观点采集、想象、共情关注、个人悲伤等共情各维度共同预测其人际关系水平,解释率为20.3%(p<0.001)结论初中生的共情能力越好,其人际关系表现越好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the current status and the characteristics of empathy and interpersonal relationship among junior school students.Methods Using Interpersonal Reactivity Index and Junior High School Student interpersonal relationship Scale to investigate 253 participants from No.92 Junior High School Of Tianjin.Then analyzed data by independent-samples T test,variance analysis(ANOVA),analysis of correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis.Results ① It has significant difference in the ability of empathy among junior school students in gender,but has no significant difference in interpersonal relationship.②The ability of empathy and interpersonal relationship among junior school students have significant differences in whether they were committee members of class.③It shows significant correlation among study scores and the ability of empathy and interpersonal relationship in one-way analysis of variance.④The parenting pattern has significant effect on interpersonal relationship.⑤ There was a high statistic significant correlation between the ability to empathy and interpersonal relationship.⑥Junior High School Student’s perspective taking,fantasy,empathy concern and personal distress together to predict the level of interpersonal relationship that could be predicted 20.3% by the ability to empathize.Conclusion The better junior school students do in their ability of empathy,the healthier of their interpersonal relationship will be.更多还原