【作者】 郝伟平； 郝莉婉； 李丽珠； 马莉；

【Author】 HAO Wei-ping;HAO Li-wan;LI Li-zhu;Taiyuan city elderly psychiatric hospital;

【机构】 太原市精神病医院老年科； 山西省心血管病医院综合心电检查室；

【摘要】 目的探讨老年痴呆患者医院获得性肺炎(HAP)的危险因素,病原学特点。方法对2012年1月至2014年12月住院的60岁以上老年痴呆259例患者资料进行分析,依据病原学等检测确定HAP,分析HAP病原菌特点及影响HAP发病的危险因素。结果老年痴呆患者合并HAP的发病率40.4%,引起HAP发病的最主要危险因素有:卧床时间长、吞咽困难、痴呆类型、并存基础疾病、住院病程、抗精神病药物使用,年龄。共分离出病原菌137株,其中革兰氏阴性菌占55.47%,革兰氏阳性菌占32.12%,真菌占12.41%。结论老年痴呆患者合并HAP最主要的危险因素是:卧床时间长、吞咽困难、痴呆类型、并存基础疾病、住院病程、抗精神病药物使用,年龄。主要致病菌为革兰氏阴性菌,其次为革兰氏阳性菌,真菌。积极干预危险因素,对防止HAP的发生,改善预后特别重要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the patients with senile dementia risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP), etiology characteristics. Methods Between January 2012 and December 2012 hospitalized senile dementia in 259 patients over 60 data is analyzed, based on etiology and determine the HAP, detection analysis characteristics and risk factors influence the pathogenesis of HAP HAP pathogen. Results 40.4% of the incidence of alzheimer’s patients merged HAP HAP caused the main risk factors of the disease are: stay in bed for a long time, difficulty swallowing, the types of dementia, coexist foundation disease, hospitalization duration, antipsychotic drug use, and age. A total of 137 strains pathogenic bacteria isolated, of which the gram-negative bacteria(55.47%), gram positive bacteria(32.12%), fungus(12.41%). ConclusionAlzheimer’s patients with HAP is the main risk factors: stay in bed for a long time, difficulty swallowing, the types of dementia, coexist foundation disease, hospitalization duration, antipsychotic drug use, age. Main pathogenic bacteria are gram-negative bacteria, followed by gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Active intervention risk factors, to prevent the occurrence of HAP, improve prognosis is particularly important.更多还原