【作者】 吴彦； 王颖； 李志华； 王成芳； 韦建玉； 李小兰； 王萍娟； 周肇峰； 杜树山； 黄东业； 邓志威；

【Author】 Yan WU;Ying WANG;Zhi-Hua LI;Cheng-Fang WANG;Jian-Yu WEI;Xiao-Lan LI;Ping-Juan WANG;Zhao-Feng ZHOU;Shu-Shan DU;Dong-Ye HUANG;Zhi-Wei DENG;Technical Center of China tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.Ltd.;Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Beijing Area Major Laboratory,Beijing Normal University;China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency,National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Analytical and Testing Center,Beijing Normal University;

【机构】 广西中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心； 中药资源保护与利用北京市重点实验室北京师范大学； 中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核应急的重点实验室国家辐射保护中国疾病预防控制中心； 北京师范大学分析测试中心；

【摘要】 本研究的目的是分析红豆蔻挥发油的化学成分及对烟草甲的抗虫活性。水蒸气蒸馏法提取红豆蔻挥发油,并通过气相-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)进行化学成分分析。该挥发油的主成分分别为:桉油精(22.63%)、(1S)-(1)-β-蒎烯(14.36%)、1R-α-蒎烯(10.89%)、α-萜品醇(8.59%)、L-(-)-冰片(8.41%)、(-)-樟脑(4.21%)及莰烯(4.14%)。通过硅胶柱层析法、薄层色谱法、理化性质及光谱分析,分离并鉴定出5种化合物:桉油精、β-蒎烯、α-蒎烯、α-萜品醇及冰片。研究发现红豆蔻挥发油对烟草甲有很好的触杀(LD50=12.2μg/头)和熏蒸活性(LC50=3.5mg/L)。α-蒎烯和桉油精对烟草甲的触杀活性分别为13.3μg/头、15.6μg/头;对烟草甲的熏蒸活性分别为2.8mg/L、5.2 mg/L。而且,较之冰片,红豆蔻挥发油及其单体化合物桉油精对烟草甲有很强的驱避活性。研究发现,红豆蔻挥发油的生物活性取决于其化学成分之间的协同作用。通过研究发现,红豆蔻挥发油及单体化合物有望开发成天然杀虫剂或驱避剂,并应用于谷物及中药材的仓储过程中。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this research was to determine the chemical constituents and bioactivity of the essential oil derived from Alpinia galanga（L.） Willd.rhizomes against the cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricome（F.）（Coleoptera:Anobiidae） adults.The essential oil of A.galanga obtained by hydrodistillation was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.The main components of the essential oil were identified to be eucalyptol（22.63%）,（IS）-（1）- β-pinene（14.36%）,1R- α-pinene（10.89%）,α-terpineol（8.59%） and L（-）-borneol（8.41%） followed by（-）-camphor（4.21%） and camphene（4.14%）.Eucalyptol,β-pinene,α-pinene,α-terpineol and borneol were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography,and further identified by means of physicochemical and spectrometric analysis.The essential oil of A.galanga rhizomes was found to possess strong contact toxicity against L.serricome adults with LD50 value of 12.2 μ g/adult,and also showed strong fumigant toxicity against L.serricome adults with LC50 value of 3.5 mg/L.α-Terpineol and eucalyptol showed strong contact toxicity against L.serricome(LD₅₀ = 13.3 and 15.6 μg/adult,respectively) and fumigant toxicity against L.sem’come(LC₅₀ = 2.8 and 5.2 mg/L air,respectively).Moreover,the essential oil and eucalyptol also exhibited the strong repellency against L.serricome adults whereas borneol exhibited weaker repellency relative to the positive control,DEET.The study revealed that the bioactivity properties of the essential oil can be attributed to the synergistic effects of its diverse major and minor components.The results indicate that the essential oil of A.galanga and the isolated compounds have potential to be developed into natural insecticides or repellents in controlling insects in stored grains and traditional Chinese medicinal materials.更多还原