【作者】 孟召林； 孟庆函； 沈科挺； 曹兵；

【Author】 Zhaolin Meng;Qinghan Meng;Keting Shen;Bing Cao;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology;

【机构】 北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院；

【摘要】 根据三次采油技术的应用,每年产生近10亿吨的采油废水需要处理,现有的一般处理工艺已不能满足对水质的要求,提出采用超滤处理聚驱采油废水。探讨聚驱采油废水,选用混凝-超滤工艺处理聚驱采油废水,1.通过分析超滤膜的性能,设定超滤过程中的运行参数;2.混凝-超滤工艺中絮凝剂种类及用量等因素对混凝超滤组合工艺处理聚驱采油废水效果的影响,确定最佳操作条件;3.分析超滤工艺对水质的去除效果,研究超滤膜污染特性,确定膜清洗方案;4.进行多次工艺运行,分析膜清洗方案的可行性。结果表明:(1)混凝剂选用Ca(OH)2用量为400mg/L、聚合硫酸铁用量为150mg/L、不调节p H值、设定搅拌条件、沉降0.5h,提取上清液,超滤条件压力0.12MPa、蠕动泵转速100rpm、温度室温、60min为一个反冲洗周期。(2)针对实际聚驱采油废水混凝超滤工艺处理效果良好。(3)对膜污染前后做SEM表征、EDX等分析,结果显示污染膜表面有凝胶层存在,佐证膜污染是浓差极化现象和滤饼层的形成,还有少部分的膜孔堵塞引起的膜污染。从各元素所占质量比上可以看出引起膜污染的主要污染物是有机物污染,无机结垢也存在,进一步肯定膜清洗过程中加入酸洗的必要性。(4)超滤膜的清洗方案可以恢复膜通量和保证膜寿命,由于聚驱采油废水的复杂性,物理清洗和单一化学药剂清洗均不能很好的恢复膜渗透通量,清洗工艺选择组合化学清洗方法,清洗药剂为0.05mol/L HCL溶液+600ppm氯碱溶液。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the application of the oil field technology, resulting in an annual oil production of nearly 1 billion tons of waste water need to be addressed, the existing treatment processes generally can not meet the water quality requirements, propose using UF polymer flooding produced waste water. For the choice of polymer flooding produced waste water by coagulation UF process of polymer flooding produced waste water: 1 By analyzing the performance of an UF membrane, UF set operating parameters; 2. Flocculant in the process type and dosage of coagulation-UF combined process for treating produced water of polymer flooding effects of and determine the optimal operating conditions; 3. Analysis of UF for the removal of water quality,research UF membrane fouling characteristics, determine the membrane cleaning program; 4. Run multiple processes, analyze the feasibility of membrane cleaning program.The results showed that:(1) Coagulant selection Ca(OH)2 in an amount of 400mg/L, Polymeric ferric sulfate in an amount of150mg/L, p H value was not adjusted, setting stirring, settlement 0.5h, UF pressure 0.12 MPa, Peristaltic pump speed 100 rpm, room temperature, 60 min to a backwash cycle.(2) In the experiment, the actual polymer flooding oil well UF treatment effect.(3) On membrane fouling around doing SEM characterization, EDX and other analysis showed that the membrane surface contamination with a gel layer is present, further evidence of the main reason is the formation of membrane fouling and concentration polarization phenomena cake layer. There are a small part of the membrane pores caused by blockage of membrane fouling. From the mass ratio of the share of each element can be seen in the major pollutants cause membrane fouling is organic pollution,inorganic fouling phenomenon is also present, further affirmed the necessity of membrane cleaning process by adding pickling.(4)UF membrane cleaning program can recover membrane flux and membrane life assurance, because the polymer flooding produced waste water complexity, physical cleaning and chemical cleaning was not a single good recovery membrane flux, the final choice of the cleaning process a combination of chemical cleaning methods, cleaning agent is 0.05mol/L HCL solution +600ppm Nacl O/Na OH solution. Research can improve the efficiency of UF membranes, UF membranes to extend the life and improve the quality of waste water treatment, reduce operation and maintenance costs, the theoretical basis.更多还原