【作者】 周应华； 靳晓燕；

【Author】 Zhou Yinghua;Jin Xiaoyan;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS;

【机构】 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所；

【摘要】 当前我国农业结构调整的根本目标就是把长期以来不符合市场消费需求和没有市场前景的品种及播种面积果断地退下来,形成适应农业发展多样化、优质化、专用化的市场需求,促进农业经营逐步由粗放型向集约型、由数量型向质量效益型的根本性转变。积极推进农业结构调整也是加入WTO后实现我国农业可持续发展的基本出路和动力。近几年来,受国家宏观调控与市场调节作用的影响,我国农业结构调整战略性调整快速推进,农业生产优势区、产业带新格局正在形成。但必须正视由于大规模的"压粮扩经"导致耕地流失和粮食综合生产能力持续下降的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The agricultural structure adjustment in new stages is an implementary bloom project of the agriculture,which aims at the outstanding problems that the agriculture is currently confronted with and faces middle-long period developing goal.And advancing the adjustment of agricultural structure is also basic outlet and motivity of sustainable development of the agriculture in China.The core objectives of the agricultural structure adjustment is decreasing the varieties,which don’t accord with consuming demand of the market and have no prospect of market,and their seeding areas,forming the mode of agricultural structure which fits for the requirement of diversification,high-quality and specialization of the market,and boosting the fundamental conversion of agricultural management from extensive model to intensive model and from quantity model to quality and benefit model.Most of provinces and municipalities can find their own places in the agricultural structure adjustment according to local conditions and relative comparative advantage.Though each province or municipality has its different adjusting emphasis,approach and characteristic mode,on the whole they focus on the all-side adjustment of quality-structure and varieties of agricultural products,agricultural industrial structure and regional structure at different scales.In recent years, "decreasing foodstuff crops production,enlarging economic crops production,and advancing distinctiveness",have become a theme and highlight of the adjustments of agricultural structure among the regions,and the regional patterns of advantage areas and industrial zones have been building.Comparative typical modes may reduce to agricultural mode of modern city,agricultural mode for high-quality and special use,agricultural mode drove by supporting industries,agricultural mode guided by the market,agricultural mode led and supported by the government and agricultural mode independently managed by the farmers.They are on behalf of the feasible direction of the adjustment of China’s agricultural structure.更多还原