【作者】 郑元章； 赵立芬； 郭萍敬； 叶文凌； 黄祖贤； 李加龙； 王建林；

【机构】 兰州大学生命科学学院；

【摘要】 为了熟悉并掌握双峰驼的下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴的结构,了解下丘脑中核团相互之间的毗邻关系、神经元的分布情况,了解神经生长因子以及雌激素受体α(ER-α)在此轴中的表达量,对其存在意义进行探讨,加深对性腺轴的认识,从而为讨论双峰驼的性腺轴结构与其生活环境相适应的机制奠定理论基础,并期望能够对双峰驼的保护起到积极的作用。方法:主要运用了NISSL染色、Golgi-Cox染色、透射电镜、免疫组织化学SABC法等方法,然后通过Motic图象分析系统扫描胎驼以及成年双峰驼的下丘脑的连续切片。结果:经过NISSL染色结果发现,胎驼的下丘脑神经元胞体比较小,核质比较大,形态比较单一,核团边界不太明显,成年双峰驼驼神经元胞体比较大,核质比较小,形态多变(梭形,三角形,卵圆形,圆形等),核团边界比较明显;通过透射电镜观察发现,双峰驼的下丘脑中含较多神经纤维,突触分布较为密集;ER-α存在在双峰驼的下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴各个环节部位。在下丘脑中,各个主要核团中都有ER-α免疫反应阳性细胞的分布,这些细胞着色深浅不一;腺垂体中间部,也存在大量ER-α阳性细胞,在远侧部靠近中间部位置也有少量的ER-α阳性细胞,通过Golgi-Cox染色发现胎驼的下丘脑含有较多放射胶质细胞突起,成驼则消失;胎驼的下丘脑神经元突起比较少,成驼的则相对较多;在双峰驼神经垂体中则没有分布。ER-α免疫反应阳性细胞主要分布在间质腺、卵泡颗粒细胞、间质及黄体中。结果表明了雌激素除作用于卵巢外,还能够作用于中枢神经系统广泛区域,由此推测雌激素受体参与了脑中内分泌、生殖、认知等功能的调控作用。通过实验研究可发现双峰驼性腺轴明显的发育变化,这从一定程度上表现出双峰驼能够适应艰苦恶劣的生存环境,这对保护双峰驼这个独特的物种具有很好的帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:The aim is to be familiar with and master the Bactrian camel of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis of the structure,understanding adjacent to the hypothalamus and group relations,the distribution of neurons,the nerve growth factor and estrogen receptor a(ER-α) expression in this axis,its raison d’etre to explore and deepen understanding of the gonadal axis and thus to lay the theoretical foundation for the adaptation mechanisms of the gonadal axis of agencies talk about the Bactrian camel and its living environment,and want to be able to play an active role in the Bactrian camel of protection.Methods:This study is mainly the NISSL stain the Golgi-Cox,staining and transmission electron microscopy,immunohistochemistry SABC method and other methods,then by Motic image analysis system scanning the fetal camel and hypothalamus of adult Bactrian camel is a continuous cut. Results:after NISSL staining of fetal camel hypothalamic neuronal cell bodies is relatively small,the nucleoplasm is relatively large,relatively simple form,the nuclei boundary is less obvious,adult Bactrian Camel neuronal cell bodies are relatively large,relatively small nucleoplasm(fusiform,triangular,oval, round,shape changing),nuclei border;observed by transmission electron microscopy,with more nerve fibers in the hypothalamus of the Bactrian camel,a relatively dense synaptic distribution;ER-αin the Bactrian camel of the hypothalamic - pituitary - ovarian axis all aspects of the site.Each of the major nuclei in the hypothalamus,the distribution of ER-αimmunoreactive cells,these cells coloring of different shades;pituitary pars intermedia,there are a large number of ER-αpositive cells in the pars distalis of close to the location of the pars intermedia also a small amount of ER-αpositive cells,the Golgi-Cox staining fetal camel hypothalamus contains more radiation glial cells protruding into the camel disappeared;fetal camel hypothalamic neuronal processes is relatively small,as the camel is relatively more;in the Bactrian camel neurohypophysis distribution.ER-αimmunoreactive cells were mainly distributed in the interstitial gland,the follicular granulosa cells,stroma and corpus luteum.The results show that In addition to acting on the ovary,estrogen can also act on the extensive areas of the central nervous system,which indicated that the estrogen receptor is involved in the regulation of the brain, endocrine,reproductive,cognitive function.Bactrian camel gonadal axis of the developmental changes can be found through the experimental study,which to a certain extent on the performance of the Bactrian camel can adapt to the hard harsh living environment,this unique species to protect the Bactrian camel has a good help.更多还原