【作者】 马婷； 徐钟庚； 周艳艳； 张锋；

【Author】 MA Ting,XU Zhong-geng,ZHOU Yan-yan,ZHANG Feng (Department of Psychology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,

【机构】 宁波大学心理学系暨研究所；

【摘要】 近年来,有关健全人对残疾人行为特性的内隐态度引起研究者的广泛关注(Pruett&Chan,2006;White,Gordon&Jackson,2006;Thomas,Doyle & Vaughn,2007;Vaughn,Thomas,& Doyle,2011;Dovidio,Pagotto,& Hebl,2011;Hein,Grumm,& Fingerle,2011;Chen,Ma,Zhang,2011),但这些研究大都集中于健全人对残疾人特性的内隐认知评价,忽视了其对残疾人情绪反应特性的探讨。本研究以大学生为被试,以经预研究获得的健全人与残疾人黑白照片(各10张,均经去背景化处理)以及表征健全人对残疾人情绪反应特点(钦佩感、嫌弃感和共情感)的三类词汇(每类包含5个词汇)分别为目标刺激和属性刺激,采用内隐联想测验(IAT)范式,通过两项实验(实验1将钦佩词与嫌弃词匹配,实验2将共情词与中性词匹配)考察了健全人对残疾人的内隐情绪反应模式。实验采用2(目标类别:健全人/残疾人)×2(情绪类别:钦佩感/嫌弃感或共情感/中性)完全被试内设计。结果发现:(1)相对于健全人,被试对残疾人的钦佩感更低,而对其嫌弃感更高,且不受被试性别和接触经验的影响(实验1);(2)相对于健全人,被试对残疾人的共情感更高,且不受被试性别和接触经验的影响(实验2)。上述结果表明,健全人群对残疾人群的内隐情绪特性表现出嫌弃和共情共存的模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 There was a great deal of literature on non-disabled’s implicit attitudes towards persons with disabilities(Pruett & Chan,2006;White,Gordon & Jackson,2006;Thomas,Doyle & Vaughn,2007;Vaughn,Thomas,& Doyle,2011;Dovidio,Pagotto,& Hebl,2011;Hein,Grumm, & Fingerle,2011;Chen,Ma,Zhang,2011).However,these researches are all focusing on the cognitive evaluation,ignoring the emotional reaction.Based on the work in pre-experiment,we filtered 2 kinds of photos(10 non-disabled photos,10 disabled photos) as target category material, and 3 kinds of emotional words(5 admiration words,5 disgust words and 5 empathy words) as attribute category material.The current two experiments employed IAT to explore non-disabled’s implicit emotional reaction towards the disabled.Experiment 1 was a 2(target category: non-disabled person,disabled person)×2(emotional category:admiration,disgust) with-in design. Experiment 2 was also a 2(target category:non-disabled person,disabled person)×2(emotional category:empathy,neutral) with-in design.The results revealed that(1) compared to the non-disabled person,participants pay less admiration but more disgust towards disabled person, regardless of their gender and contact experience with them(experiment 1);(2) Compared to the non-disabled person,participants pay more empathy towards disabled person,regardless of their gender and contact experience with them(experiment 2).These results suggest non-disabled’s implicit emotional reaction mode towards disabled people is disgust coexisting with empathy.更多还原