【作者】 乔芮； 栾青杉； 袁伟； 孙坚强； 王俊；

【Author】 QIAO Rui 1,2,LUAN Qing-shan 2,YUAN Wei 2,SUN Jian-qiang 2,WANG Jun 2,*(1 College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,201306,China 2 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment(SFREE),Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao,266071,China)

【机构】 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院； 山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所；

【摘要】 通过2013年春季(3月、4月、5月)对崂山湾海域网采浮游植物的调查,对该海域浮游植物的物种组成、细胞丰度变化及其分布、优势种及其分布、多样性和均匀度等进行了研究。结果表明:春季崂山湾共鉴定浮游植物3门36属70种(含变种和变型),其中,硅藻门27属58种,占总物种数的82.86%;甲藻门8属11种,占总物种数的15.71%;金藻门1属1种,占总物种数的1.43%。硅藻和甲藻是调查区主要的浮游植物类群。3月份浮游植物细胞丰度最高,平均值为2.85×106个/m3,硅藻在浮游植物群落中占有很大优势。4月、5月调查区浮游植物细胞丰度显著降低,分别为1.62×105个/m3和1.71×105个/m3;甲藻细胞丰度占总丰度比例显著增加,分别为10.87%和47.37%。浮游植物细胞丰度高值区分布在调查海区的中北部,由湾内至外海浮游植物总丰度逐渐减少。春季浮游植物优势种为:冰河拟星杆藻(Asterionellopsis glacialis)、加拉星平藻(Asteroplanus karianus)、夜光藻(Noctilucamiliaris)、密联角毛藻(Chaetoceros densus)、海链藻(Thalassiosira sp.)、佛氏海线藻(Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii)、布氏双尾藻(Ditylum brightwellii)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)和太平洋海链藻(Thalassiosira pacifica)。其中3月优势种为冰河拟星杆藻、加拉星平藻;4月和5月优势种均为密联角毛藻、夜光藻。物种丰富度玛格丽夫指数平均值为0.97,多样性香农-威纳指数平均值为1.95,均匀度Pielou指数平均值为0.48;三个指数的分布显示:调查区西北部和东南部海域浮游植物多样性程度较高,物种均一性较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on investigations of the net-phytoplankton in the Laoshan Bay in spring 2013(March,April and May),the species composition,cell abundance,dominant species,distribution,species diversity and evenness of net-phytoplankton communities in this area were studied.The results showed that a total of 70 species(including varieties and forms) were identified in the Laoshan Bay during the three surveys,belonging to 3 phyla with 36 genera.27 genera and 58 species were Bacillariophyta,which account for 82.86% of the total species;8 genera and 11 species were Pyrrophyta,accounting for 15.71% of the total species;only 1 genera and 1 species were Chrysophyta,accounting for 1.43% of the total species.Diatoms and dinoflagellates were the major phytoplankton groups in the survey area.In March,the average of phytoplankton cell abundance in each station was 2.85×10 6 cells/m 3,and diatoms were the predominant forms in the communities.In April and May,the abundance of phytoplankton cells in survey area decreased significantly,1.62×10 5 cells/m 3 and 1.71×10 5 cells/m 3 respectively;the proportion of cell abundance of dinoflagellates increased significantly,10.87% and 47.37%,respectively.It was found that the dense area of phytoplankton was in the central and northern survey area,the total phytoplankton abundance reduced gradually from the bay to the open seas.The dominant species of phytoplankton in spring were Asterionellopsis glacialis,Asteroplanus karianus,Noctiluca miliaris,Chaetoceros densus,Thalassiosira sp.,Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii,Ditylum brightwellii,Paralia sulcata and Thalassiosira pacifica.The dominant species were Asterionellopsis glacialis,Asteroplanus karianus in March and were Noctiluca miliaris,Chaetoceros densus in both April and May.The average Margalef index of species richness was 0.97,the average Shannon-Wiener index of diversity and Pielou index of evenness were 1.95 and 0.48.The distribution of three indices indicated that relative high phytoplankton diversity and evenness appeared in northwest and southeast survey area.更多还原