【作者】 乔林生；

【Author】 Qiao Linsheng

【机构】 南开大学世界近现代史研究中心； 南开大学日本研究院；

【摘要】 在普遍议论所谓"议会政治危机"的今天,如何认识亚洲的发达国家日本的国会是本文的着眼点。20世纪90年代初,随着日本"55年体制"的解体,在在野党和民间势力的推动下,作为政治改革重要一环的日本国会改革进入一个新阶段。针对国会立法、审议以及监督等功能未能得到充分发挥的情况,各方提出或实施了一系列改革措施。然而,要想推动国会实质性的改革,不能只就国会内部的个别问题"对症下药",而是必须本着主权在民的思想,通过扩大国会决策的公开性和参与度,聚集国民的力量来制衡执政党对政权和利益的垄断,实现国会内力量对比的平衡,逐步充实国会职能,完善日本式的政治制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 How to understand Japan’s Diet under the circumstance of the general debate so-called " parliamentary politics crisis" is the focus of this paper.In the early 1990s,with the disintegration of Japan’s "1955 system" and the promotion of the opposition parties and Non-governmental forces,the Japanese Diet reform,an important part of its political reform,entered a new phase.Different political forces have put forward a series of reform measures or put them into effect for the incomplete play of the legislation,supervision and scrutiny functions of the Japan’s Diet. However,to suit remedies to individual cases in the Diet is not enough for the essential reform of the Diet.Instead,to replenish the Diet functions gradually and perfect the Japanese political system,it is of necessity to gather the people ’s strength to balance the ruling party’s monopoly of political power and interests,to realize the balance of power in the Diet by expanding openness and participation in decision-making based on the idea of Sovereignty of the People.更多还原