【作者】 李生； 任华东； 常君； 薛亮； 姚小华；

【Author】 LI Sheng, REN Huadong, CHANG Jun, XUE Liang, YAO Xiaohua (Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, ChineseAcademy Forestry, Fuyang, 311400 China)

【机构】 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所；

【摘要】 大量岩石出露于地表是中国西南石漠化典型的表观特征之一,影响石漠化地区的微环境,为了揭示裸露岩石对其周围土壤含水量的影响,于2010年2月,中国西南发生特大干旱期间,在石漠化典型地区-云南省富源县三道菁林场,测定了裸岩周围土壤水分的动态变化。结果表明,干旱期间,岩石北方土壤表层含水量高于东方、西方、南方土壤含水量,差异极显著(p<0.01),且表层土壤含水量随岩石高度增加而增加。岩石出露面积对其西方、北方土壤含水量极显著相关(p<0.01),与东方土壤含水量显著相关(p<0.05)。岩石的尖削程度越大,东、西、北方土壤含水量越低。岩石周围北、东、西方土壤含水量表现出随距离增加先升高后降低趋势,而岩石南方表现为随距离增加而增加的趋势。岩石周围土壤含水量均随土壤深度增加而增加。裸岩在干旱期间表现出遮荫作用,导致岩石北方土壤含水量高于其他方向,并在距离岩石北方15cm处形成逆境背景下相对有利的人工恢复植被位点,对于指导石漠化生态治理过程中的植被恢复工作具有重要的实际意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 A large number of underlying rocks exposed in the field represents one of the most spectacular scenes of the Karst Rocky Desertification(KRD) process in Southwest China. The presence of bare rocks modifies the microenvironment. The objective of the study was to determine the influences of those exposed bare rocks on surrounding soil moisture in a typical KRD region-the Forest Station of Sandaoqing, in Fuyuan County, Yuannan Province, Southwest China. The dynamic of soil moisture was quantified in Feb, 2010 during an extreme drought period. Results showed that during the drought period, soil moisture on the north side of the rocks was significantly higher than those on the east, west and south sides (p<0.01). Soil surface moisture increased with the above-ground height of the rocks. The size of the bare rocks had a significant correlation with soil moisture on the west and north sides of the rocks (p<0.01), and on the east direction it was reduced to the significant level (p< 0.05). Sharper rocks were associated with declining soil moisture on the east, west and north sides of the rocks. Soil moisture began to increase and then declined on the north, east and west sides, but showed a continued increase on the south side with the distance from the rocks. The soil moisture around therocks increased gradually with depths of soil layers. During the drought period bare rocks created some shade, resulting in higher soil moisture on the north side of the rocks compared to the other three directions. The location at 15cm north of the rocks had the highest soil water content, thus becoming the most ideal site for establishing plantation restoration in the KRD area under stressful environmental conditions. Results from this study can be used to supervise restoration of the ecological system damaged by the KRD process.更多还原