【作者】 李元锋； 杜慧兰； 陈俊； 林寰； 马晓军； 冯波； 高绪芳； 刘斌； 严晓蓉； 尹涛； 宋华； 黄葵； 黄敏； 刘嘉益； 傅小鲁；

【Author】 LI Yuan-feng,DU Hui-lan,CHEN Jun,et al. (Chengdu center for disease control and prevention,Chengdu 610041,China)

【机构】 成都市疾病预防控制中心； 崇州市疾控中心； 青白江区疾控中心； 成都市爱国卫生运动委员会办公室；

【摘要】 目的了解近两年成都市饮用水的水质卫生状况及其可致的健康风险水平。方法按不同供水方式对饮用水及源水进行分层随机抽样,检测砷等11项指标,并采用EPA推荐的模型进行健康风险初步评价。结果共检测水样190份,其饮用水及源水的合格率分别为69.1%、96.0%;饮用水的主要污染物为大肠菌群和锰,其合格率农村分散式供水<乡镇集中式供水<城市集中式供水,差异均具有显著性(p<0.01),以地下水为源水的山区不合格最多;饮用水中砷、六价铬等8种有害物质累计致癌风险的P50和P95均低于ICRP推荐的通过饮水途径最大可接受风险水平,主要致癌风险因子为砷、六价铬和铅;主要非致癌风险因子为砷、镉和铅。结论初步阐明了成都地区饮用水的卫生状况、水质健康风险水平,对饮用水水质改善和健康风险管理提供了帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the hygienic status and health-based risk level of drinking water in Chengdu for the past two years.Methods Levels of As et al.in drinking water and source water from all types of water supplies in 2008-2009 were determined based on stratified random samples,and health-based risk caused by the chemical pollutants in drinking water was assessed using US EPA health-based risk assessment model.Results A total of 190 water samples consisted were determined,with qualified rates of 69.1%and 96.0%,respectively. The main pollutants in drinking water were coliforms and Mn.The qualified rate ascending order of drinking water samples were those from rural non-central supply,township mini-central supply and urban centralized supply,with significant differences（all p<0.01）.The unqualified drinking water samples were mainly in mountain area and used underground water as source water.With As, Cr⁶⁺ and Pb being the main contributors,the P50 and P95 values of cancerous risk caused by 8 chemicals(As,Cr⁶⁺,et al.) in drinking water,which were significantly lower the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP.Respectively,of which As,Cd and Pb were the main contributors.Conclusion This study primarily elucidated the hygienic status and health-based risk level of drinking water in Chengdu,as well as the risk order of the water contaminants,which would contribute to drinking water quality improvement and health-based risk management in this city.更多还原