【作者】 李艳红； 刘志刚； 刘锦上；

【Author】 LI Yan-hong,Liu Zhi-gang,Liu Jin-shang ((Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong,Zhanjiang,524025)

【机构】 广东海洋大学；

【摘要】 使用光学显微镜观察、数码相机拍摄皱肋文蛤胚胎、幼虫和稚贝发育过程,并以个体大小、行为方式、贝壳形状、足部发育、平衡囊发育、鳃丝发育、面盘脱落、足丝分泌、水管形成、壳色及其透明度变化等特征为依据,对幼虫和稚贝发育过程进行分期,为该贝早期发育的形态学研究提供参考,为人工育苗提供理论指导。结果表明:在水温27～30℃、海水密度1.022条件下,卵子受精后隆起薄而透明的受精膜,20min出现第一极体,30min出现第二极体;细胞分裂方式为不等螺旋卵裂;胚胎发育为囊胚、原肠胚、担轮幼虫、D形幼虫所需的时间分别为4.5h、5.0h、7.5h和16h。根据行为方式,皱肋文蛤早期生活史可分为浮游期、匍匐期、附着期、埋栖期;根据形态学特征,皱肋文蛤早期生活史可划分为D形幼虫、壳顶初期幼虫、壳顶中期幼虫、壳顶后期幼虫、变态期幼虫、附着期幼虫、无管期稚贝、单管期稚贝和双管期稚贝等九个阶段。壳顶后期出现鳃丝、足和平衡囊,发达的足、鳃丝和平衡囊是幼虫变态附着的标志;第6d后幼虫面盘开始萎缩,运动方式由游动变为匍匐爬行;第8d幼虫完全变态,进入附着期,此期幼虫壳长在172～182μm之间;第10～11d,幼虫足更多还原

【Abstract】 Experiments using optical microscope to knit Meretrix lyrata early developmental process,and the use of digital cameras observed in each period for the development of microstructure,the detailed process of observation and understanding,WenGe seedling technique to knit rib provides theoretical basis for breeding,Meretrix lyrata wrinkle the technical bottleneck of artificial seedlings.The results showed that the temperature 27-30 degrees Celsius, seaconditions,1.022 density fertilized after 20 minutes released the first 30 minutes,after a second source,released the first,second division for the longitudinal crack,third cell division,embryos for spiral transgene 7.5 hours after hatching larvae are developed into a wheel.Shell late hat appears gill filaments,foot and statocyst,developed foot and gill filaments and statocyst is the symbol of abnormal attached larva,the 6th days larvae began to atrophy,the form of moving changed from swimming to crawl,the 8 th day larvae was completely abnormal condition,into the attached period,this period larvae was between in 172-182μm shell long;the 10-11th day,larvae falled off byssus,and aquatic life buried,and secreted Se更多还原