【作者】 李钒； 夏定国； 王习东；

【Author】 Li Fan~(1*),Xia Dingguo~1,Wang Xidong~2(1.Dept.of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of technology,Beijing 100124,China;2.College of Engineering,Peking University, Beijing 100085,China)

【机构】 北京工业大学环能学院； 北京大学工学院；

【摘要】 为探讨新型微波吸收剂的制备,本文从分析联氨还原化学镀镍的热力学条件出发,分析确定在碱性介质中实现化学镀镍的基本工艺参数是343～353K,pH=8～10,[N₂H₄]=0.2～1mol·L^-1;在此基础上制备出金属镍纳米颗粒包覆粘胶纤维,以及热解脱芯后的中空镍纤维;用XRD、SEM、TEM等手段分析和观测它们的相组成和显微结构,结果表明金属镍-粘胶复合纤维和中空镍纤维分别由平均粒径为9.9和40nm的面心立方金属镍颗粒构筑;测量和分析这两种纤维的磁性能和吸波性能,显示制备的金属镍-粘胶复合纤维在8～14GHz频段有很好的微波吸收性能,中空镍纤维在频率为40MHz～18GHz处有明显的介电损耗发生,表明它们具有作为电磁波吸收剂的潜在可能。更多还原

【Abstract】 To develop a process of preparing a new microwave absorber,this work started at the thermodynamic consideration for hydrazine reducing Ni²⁺ in alkaline solution.The main parameters for the process of chemical plating nickel,T=343～353 K, pH=8～10 and[N₂H₄]=0.2～1 mol·L^-1,were determined by the consideration.Using the designed process the nickel- viscose composite fibers were prepared and hollow nickel fibers were obtained through thermal decomposition of the composite fibers under some ambient conditions.The phase and microstructure of composited fibers and hollow nickel fibers were investigated by XRD,SEM,TEM and other methods.The results showed that the nickel-viscose fiber and the hollow nickel fiber were constructed by face-centered cubic nickel particles with average size 9.9 and 40 nm respectively.The properties of magnetism and microwave absorbing of the composite fiber and the hollow nickel fiber were measured and analyzed.The results exhibited that the nickel-viscose fiber had a good microwave absorbing property at 8～14 GHz,and the hollow nickel fiber demonstrated obvious dielectric energy loss at 40 MHz～18 GHz.From these results both the nickel fibers should have probable use as a material of electromagnetic wave absorbers in future.更多还原