【作者】 陆钟武； 王鹤鸣； 岳强；

【Author】 LU Zhong-wu WANG He-ming YUE Qiang (SEPA Key Laboratory on Eco-Industry,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

【机构】 东北大学国家环境保护生态工业重点实验室；

【摘要】 本文从资源消耗及废物排放与经济增长的定量关系表达式——IGT方程和I_eGTX方程出发,分别导出了资源脱钩指数和排放脱钩指数。根据脱钩指数值,将资源消耗及废物排放与GDP的脱钩程度分为3个等级:绝对脱钩、相对脱钩和未脱钩;在GDP增长和降低两种情况下,脱钩指数与脱钩程度的关系正好相反。由于资源脱钩指数和排放脱钩指数的数学结构相同,只需一个脱钩曲线图就可以判断一个国家或地区某年某种资源消耗或废物排放与GDP的脱钩情况。以中美两国2000-2007年间的能源消耗和SO₂排放为例,阐述了脱钩曲线图的使用方法。在此期间,中美两国的SO₂排放脱钩指数略高于各自的能源脱钩指数;中国的能源脱钩指数和SO₂排放脱钩指数均低于美国,主要原因是经济增长较快的发展中国家,相对于经济增长较慢的发达国家更难获得较高的脱钩指数。在比较各国间的脱钩程度时,应注意区别对待处于不同发展阶段的国家。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theoretical study on decoupling indicators was begun with the deduction of IGT equation and I_eGTX equation;the first one is regarding resource use,and the second waste emission.Finally,a pair of new decoupling indicators was formulated: decoupling indicators for resource use and waste emission.Based on the values of these two decoupling indicators,we divided the decoupling degrees between resource use or waste emission and economic growth into three grades:absolute decoupling, relative decoupling and non-decoupling.Note that in case of economic depression,the relationship between decoupling degrees and decoupling indicators is quite different from the case of economic expansion.As the mathematical structures of these two decoupling indicators’ formulas are identical,only one chart is needed for graphical determination of the decoupling indicators for resource use and waste emission of one country in a certain year.Examples of the decoupling of energy use and SO₂ emission in the US and China between 2000 and 2007 were given to illustrate how to use the decoupling chart.In this period,both America’s and China’s decoupling indicators for SO₂ emission is slightly higher than their respective decoupling indicators for energy use.Both decoupling indicators for energy use and SO₂ emission of China are slightly lower than that of America, because developing countries with higher economic growth are harder to achieve higher decoupling indicators compared with developed countries with lower economic growth.It was emphasized that it should be all-sidely and carefully in comparing the degrees of decoupling among countries in different stage of development.更多还原