【作者】 高亮； 四兵锋； 孙会君； 高自友；

【Author】 Gao Liang1,2,3,Si Bingfeng1,2,3,Sun Huijun1,2,3,Gao Ziyou1,2,3 1System Science Institute,School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China 2MOE Key Laboratory for Urban Transportation Complex Systems Theory and Technology Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China 3State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China

【机构】 北京交通大学交通运输学院系统科学研究所； 北京交通大学城市交通复杂系统理论与技术教育部重点实验室； 北京交通大学轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室；

【摘要】 最近有研究发现,不同的食物链网络具有普遍的异速增长标度指数η=1.13。研究者认为,η可以较好的反映食物链网络中能量传输效率的高低,η=1传输效率最高,η=2最低。受这种传输效率度量思想的启发,我们研究了中国铁路客运网络和民航航路网络的异速增长标度特征。我们根据2007年底中国铁路客运线路数据,建立了铁路客运网络,节点是城市,边是直接连接城市的客运线路。我们计算了主要省会城市的异速增长标度指数,省会城市节点η=1.43,取值范围是1.2≤η≤1.62。北京、上海具有明显的交通枢纽效应,由这些城市构建的向外运输网络运输效率最高。我们收集了2006年到2008年底6次民航航路调整的数据并建立了民航航空网络。其中,节点是机场,边是直接连接机场的航路。我们计算了四个重要机场(北京首都机场、上海浦东机场、上海虹桥机场、广州白云机场)的异速增长标度指数,平均值为1.01。相对于铁路客运网络,民航航路网络具有较好的运输效率。运输效率的差别可能是因为民航航路网络收到的空间制约较小,在航路设计的过程中,可以建立较多点到点的直接连接。从而在网络拓扑结构的角度,提高了航路网络的运输效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 It was recently found that the allometric scaling η,characterizing the efficiency of energy transportation in food webs,might have a universal value η =1.13.It believes that allometric scaling η is suitable index to describe the efficiency of energy transportation in food webs,with η =1 as the highest efficiency and η =2 as the lowest.In this paper,we study the allometric scaling of two kinds of Chinese real transportation networks:railway passenger networks and civil aviation networks.Allometric scaling is used to describe the traffic efficiency of transportation networks.According to train data of 2007,we construct railway passenger networks,in which nodes are cities and edges are direct linked train lines.We find the average allometric scaling of provincial capitals is 1.43,ranging from 1.26 to 1.62.Beijing and Shanghai get the highest traffic efficiency about 1.26.We collect six groups of civil aviation data during five modifications of airways between 2006 and 2008,and construct six civil aviation networks in which nodes are cities and edges are direct linked airways.We find the average allometric scaling of four cities(Beijing Capital Airport,Shanghai Pudong Airport,Shanghai Hongqiao Airport,Guangzhou Baiyun Airport) is 1.01.Comparing with railway passenger networks,civil aviation networks have higher traffic efficiency.The possible reason is that civil aviation networks get less constraint from geographical space.When airway is designed,direct linked airways are the prior choices.Then the traffic efficiency of civil aviation networks is higher than railway passenger networks.更多还原