【作者】 陈健； 刘云慧； 宇振荣；

【Author】 CHEN Jian~1,LIU Yun-hui~2,YU Zhen-rong~2(1 International Research Center of Spatial Ecology,Zhejiang Forestry University,Lin-An 311300;2 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094)

【机构】 浙江林学院国际生态中心； 中国农业大学资源与环境学院；

【摘要】 水资源短缺已成为世界性问题,也是社会经济发展的重要制约因素之一。增强水分管理,提高作物水分生产率、大力发展节水农业对于保证中国的粮食安全及农业的可持续发展具有重大意义。本文利用作物生长模型,在遥感和GIS技术支持下,模拟分析了河北省平原区冬小麦水分限制条件下的产量、蒸散量及水分生产率的空间分布特征。模拟结果显示冬小麦在保定中部、石家庄中部、邢台中部、邯郸东部南北条带上各水平的产量和水分生产率都较高,而在邢台地区东部、衡水、沧州、秦皇岛等地由于不能灌溉,小麦生育期内降雨量无法满足小麦生长所需,产量和水分生产率均较低。灌溉可以提高小麦产量和水分生产率,但由于水分生产率定义标准不统一,在引用他人结果时,需要明确水分生产率的计算条件和内涵。在应用推广时,需要考虑水分生产率的尺度效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid growing population and less water available for agricultural production,fresh water resources is constraining food production in several important grain producing regions,there is increasing pressure to increase the productivity of the limited amount of water.This report demonstrates the potential of crop growth models using GIS data in the spatio-temporal analysis of water productivity.The simulated results show that the high yields are located in central of Baoding,Shi jiazhuang and Xingtai,the eastern part of Handan districts from North to South.The low yields are located in Cangzhou, Hengshui,Qinhuangdao and the eastern part of Xingtai,there is a lack of surface water resources and the amount of rainfall is not sufficient to meet the need of winter wheat in these areas.Comparing with the simulated potential yield,there is significant differences between actual yields and potential yields in this region.The spatial pattern of water productivity(WP) is similar to that of yield and evaportanspiration.It is suggested that some water conservancy techniques should be taken to increase the water use efficiency in this area,such as stalk cover,new irrigation projects,etc.更多还原