【作者】 杨康； 陈超；

【Author】 Kang YANG,Chao CHEN Precision Driving Lab.,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China

【机构】 南京航空航天大学精密驱动研究所；

【摘要】 提出了一种能耗低、不需要大的轴向压力的新型超声波/声波钻探器,由压电换能器,自由质量和钻杆组成,换能器产生超声频率的共振,与自由质量块发生耦合作用,驱使自由质量块在驱动器与钻杆之间产生声波频率的往复碰撞;通过钻杆和钻头将碰撞和冲击能量传递到被钻介质,致使被钻介质疲劳破碎,达到钻取样品的目的。根据超声波/声波钻探器的工作机理和特点,将其抽象为集中质量的弹簧-质量-阻尼系统,分析了压电驱动的超声波与声波能量耦合的动力学行为,在此基础上,建立了系统的有限元模型,通过模态分析和谐响应分析,经过优化后确定结构的设计方案;加工并实际制作了一台,对超声波/声波能量耦合系统的冲击与钻探过程进行了模拟并开展了相应的钻探实验。实验表明,对于红砖,瓦片,混凝土等可以在20多秒内钻出直径3毫米深1.5毫米的孔,而对于花岗岩,大理石等硬度很高、纹理细致的岩石则效果相对不太明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper presents a dynamic analysis of a piezoelectrically driven vibro-impact drilling device with low down force and power consumption.The drilling device consists of an ultrasonic transducer with a piezoelectric stack,a free flying mass and a drill stem.Excited by the high-frequency vibration of the transducer the free mass oscillates between the horn tip of the transducer and the drill stem.The shock waves in the drill stem caused by the impacts with the free mass affect hard and brittle materials so effectively that small holes can be performed.Based on the sound wave/drilling working characteristics,this system is abstracted to a spring-mass-damping system.Piezoelectrically driven ultrasonic and acoustic energy coupled dynamic behavior is analyzed.The finite element model of the system was established.Through the modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the system,the design of the system can be carried out. Experiments show that the proposed device can be used to drill a 3 mm diameter and 1.5 mm deep holes for more than 20 seconds.But it is not effective for granite and marble,which have a high rigidity and meticulous texture.更多还原