【作者】 周红章； 于晓东； 罗天宏； 何君舰； 周海生； 叶婵娟；

【Author】 Zhou Hongzhang, Yu Xiaodong, Zhou Haisheng, Luo Tianhong, He Junjian, Ye Chanjuan (Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080)

【机构】 中国科学院动物研究所；

【摘要】 昆虫物种多样性在生物多样性保护研究中有着重要的地位,湖北省神农架保护区生物多样性极为丰富,保存状态相对良好,是我国生物多样性研究的关键地区之一。然而,该地区的昆虫生物多样性研究极为薄弱,就是一般的物种调查也为数不多,所以,研究该地区的多样性,调查昆虫的物种组成,能为本区的多样性研究积累资料,并为长期观测打下基础。我们选择暖温带针叶林、落叶阔叶林、针阔叶混交林、亚高山草甸、箭竹林及溪边灌丛六种不同环境,以23块样地为代表,以巴氏罐诱法为主,结合网筛、扫网、灯诱等方法,进行全面的标本采集与数据收集。经过室内标本的初步整理鉴定和数据分析,得到结果如下:①共获得标本58368号,昆虫标本46213号。除昆虫外,环节动物、软体动物、多足纲动物及蛛形纲动物也有相当数量的分布。膜翅目和鞘翅目是昆虫纲中数量最丰富的两个目,其次为半翅目、同翅目、双翅目、直翅目及脉翅目等。膜翅目以及整个昆虫中数量最丰富的类群是蚂蚁(蚁科);而鞘翅目中数量最丰富的类群是隐翅虫科、步甲科和叶甲科。②昆虫分布与环境的关系非常密切。从相对高的分类阶元来看,如昆虫纲及其中的鞘翅目、双翅目、直翅目、膜翅目等,环境对昆虫数量分布没有显著影响;但从相对低的分类阶元来看,如鞘翅目的步甲科、隐翅虫科等,环境就对昆虫数量分布有显著影响。③在一些特殊地点,发现若干特殊的昆虫物种,这表明神农架地区在昆虫物种保护上具有特殊地位。更多还原

【Abstract】 Insect is the most species --rich group of all organisms. The knowledge of species diversity is important for natural conservation, and for mitigating increasing global loss of biodiversity. Nevertheless, there are very few studies in China that have engaged in this issue and focused on insect species conservation. Shennongjia Natural Reserve, which hosts plenty of species of insects as well as other organisms, is one of the most important areas to investigate the terrestrial biodiversity of China. While Shennongjia Natural Reserve has been protected very well, few works have been fulfilled on insect species diversity over there. In this study, we concentrate on insect species diversity in Shennongjia Natural Reserve and distributions of species diversity in different habitats. We chose 23 samples representing 6 different types of vegetation, i. e. coniferous forests, deciduous broad – leaved forests, mixed forests, shrubs near river, meadows and bamboo lands. Besides the frequent--used methods as sifter, net trap and light trap, Barber trap (pitfall trap) were. The results are as follows: (1) a total of 58 346 specimens were collected, of which 46 191 are insects; the rest belong mainly to Annelida, Mollusca, Myriopda and Arachnida. Of insects, the most abundant groups were Formicidae (Hymenoptera ), Staphilinidae and Carabidae (Coleoptera), and next to them were Diptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera and Homoptera. (2) Vegetation types determined the distribution of insects, but this was found at family level, e. g. the beetle groups of Staphylinidae and Carabidae. At order level, no dependence of insect distribution on vegetation was found, even though the following groups were all considered in detail: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera and Homoptera. (3) Some species were only found in special sites, which proved that Shennongjia is a special area for species conservation.更多还原