【作者】 刘丽娟； 张国权； 岑冠军； 童晓立；

【Author】 LIU Li-juan~(1,2),ZHANG Guo-quan~3,CEN Guan-jun~3,TONG Xiao-li~2 (1.Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Jining 272033,China;2.Department of Entomology,College of Resources & Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,China;3.Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,China)

【机构】 山东省寄生虫病防治研究所； 华南农业大学理学院应用数学系； 华南农业大学资源与环境学院昆虫学系；

【摘要】 目的了解食蚊鱼引入后对当地物种生物多样性的影响。方法在实验室条件下,以食蚊鱼食物中有代表性的4类昆虫为猎物,构建单—捕食者—多种猎物和单—捕食者—2种猎物的捕食作用系统,研究食蚊鱼在不同猎物密度下的捕食选择性。结果在单种群—多种猎物作用系统中,食蚊鱼雌雄鱼对各种猎物的捕食选择趋势相同,在低猎物密度下,食蚊鱼对不同猎物的捕食差异性不显著;随猎物密度的增加,食蚊鱼对白纹伊蚊幼虫和蛹的捕食量明显增加,对摇蚊幼虫和蜉蝣稚虫的捕食量下降。在单捕食者—2种猎物的作用系统中,食蚊鱼雌鱼均喜好捕食白纹伊蚊幼虫;猎物总数不变的情况下,改变猎物比例,对食蚊鱼总的捕食量影响不大。结论食蚊鱼对白纹伊蚊幼虫具有明显的喜好性,根据各种猎物在水中的活动范围推断,食蚊鱼喜欢捕食漂浮于水面上、活的、会动的食物,对死的、不动的食物不敏感。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective In order to study the effects of Gambusia affinis on biodiversity,study on the predatory selectivity of G.affinis on four relevent insects in the laboratory.Methods Setting up single predator-various prey and single predator-both prey systems and researching the predatory selectivity of G.affinis on different prey density. Results The results showed that diclinous G.affinis had a same selective trend at prey proportions tested,the numbers consumed of prey did not significantly differ from each other at low density.The consumption of both forth instar larvae and pupa of Aedes albopictus increased significantly with increasing total prey density.With the increment of the density,G.affinis fed on forth instar larvae and pupa of A.albopictus first,than Chironomus sp.,and finally Cloeon bengalense.G.affinis prefered to predator A.albopictus at single predator-both prey systems.Similar numbers of both prey species were eaten when they were presented together to the predator,however,more A.albopictus than Chironomus sp.was consumed.Conclusion To sum up,G.affinis were considered generalist predators with preference for mosquitoes and mostly captured at the water surface.更多还原