【作者】 谭垦； 和绍禹； 杨明显；

【Author】 Tan Ken,Yang Mingxian,Mi Jialin,Fan Xian Eastern Bee Research Institute of Yunnan Agricultural University Heilongtan 650201,Kunming,China

【机构】 云南农业大学东方蜜蜂研究所；

【摘要】 <正>引言:东方蜜蜂(Apis cerana Fabricius)是Fabricius于在1793年发现并定名的,主要分布于南亚及东亚,是世界上现已发现的九个蜂种之一。长期以来,东方蜜蜂由于对我国各地气候、蜜源条件具有良好的适应性,对当地的不良因素抗逆性强而形成了许多优良的地方蜂种。目前我国的东方蜜蜂有200多万群,大部分处于半野更多还原

【Abstract】 Multivariate statistical analyses and genetic study of the worker bees of A. cerana were collected from from 188 colonies at 79 localities throughout China with a sampling resolution of 1 locality/50,000km~2.They were each analysed in turn and then conjointly and were found to yield the same results.Principal component plots using both the first and second PC scores,and the first and third PC scores revealed two indistinct morphoclusters.Further substructuring of the two morphoclusters could not initially be derived from the PC plots because only by first introducing local labelling does it become clear that bees from different localities form overlapping regional clusters:(1) bees from Jinlin,Liaoning,Beijing and northern Shanxi provinces;(2) larger bees from southern Ganshu and northern and central Sichuan (larger Aba bees);(3) smaller bees from southern Yunnan,Guangdon,Guangxi,Hong Kong and Hainan and(4) bees from the rest of China.Entering only 12 characters into a stepwise discriminant analysis was sufficient to identify the four groups.An hierarchical cluster analysis using the mean values of the same common characters for the China regional groups 1 to 4 and adjacent countries yielded a dendrogram of two main clusters.Phenetically,colonies from Japan and Korea were first linked with those from China regional groups 1 and 4,followed by those from regional group 2, and finally those from Russia;colonies from northern Vietnam and north eastern India were first linked with those from China regional group 3,followed by colonies from Thailand and Myanmar.The A.cerana populations are continuous and panmictic,if not entirely homogeneous. DNA sequence diversity in a non-coding portion of the mitochondrial genome was investigated in samples of Apis cerana from 47 locations in China.Nine haplotypes (mitochondrial genotypes) were found:Japan1,Japan2,Korea4,and Cambodia2,which were previously reported from other populations,and China1,China2,China3,China4 and China5,which are new.更多还原