【作者】 梁晓杰；

【Author】 LIANG Xiaojie (Beijing Sports University,Continue Education College,Beijing 100084,China)

【机构】 北京体育大学成人教育学院；

【摘要】 研究目的:根据国际现代五项联盟的规定,执法奥运会现代五项竞赛的国际技术官员(ITO)由国际现代五项联盟选派;竞赛辅助人员即国内技术官员(NTO)由奥运会组委会选派。2008年奥运会的竞赛组织工作,既要遵循国际规则和惯例,又要体现中国特色。培养和建设一支水平专业、乐于奉献、高素质、高质量的国内技术官员队伍是2008年奥运会竞赛组织工作顺利进行的重要保证。本研究的主要目的是通过对2008年奥运会现代五项技术官员的调查和研究,为比赛提供竞赛组织技术人才保障的同时,对北京奥运会现代五项竞赛组织工作的进一步总结,以及对中国现代五项协会的决策提供理论依据和参数。研究方法:本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法进行研究。研究对象:2008年奥运会现代五项比赛27名ITO及TD和45名NTO为研究对象。研究结果:(1)目前2008奥运会现代五项国内技术官员现状基本清楚,为整合现有资源,合理分配岗位,提高竞赛组织和执裁水平和质量奠定基础。(2)2008年奥运会现代五项国内技术官员的执裁心态是:乐观中伴随着茫然。研究结论与建议:(1)结论:国际现代五项联盟选派的2008年奥运会现代五项比赛技术代表和国际技术官员共计27人,没有一个中国人。除2名女性外,其余25名均为男性;目前2008奥运会现代五项国内技术官员的现有的年龄结构比较合理,学历相对较高。现有实际水平与奥运会的要求存在一定的差距。尤其是关键岗位的人员存在着业务能力较强,而外语水平普遍偏低的现象,特别是口语交流能力;目前可供挑选的现代五项国内技术官员数量不够充足,可供挑选余地较小,导致他们心中的危机感和竞争力降低;既熟悉现代五项项目规则,又具有较好外语基础的人才缺乏。同时,国际比赛执裁经验不足及总体培训计划有限等实际情况仍作为客观因素存在着;虽然现代五项国内技术官员目前学习外语的紧迫感增强,绝大部分人学习英语热情高涨,但方法和能力欠缺,是水平提高的不利因素。(2)建议:根据技术官员的实际情况和需求,加大专业和外语的培训力度,增强国内技术官员赛时的适应性和自信心。选拔优秀NTO争取成为ITO;中国现代五项协会可利用在国外比赛之机,分批选派骨干人员前去学习和观摩,提高竞赛组织能力和执裁水平;把我国现代五项技术官员培训及长远资源利用理念的构建作为一项重要工作来研究和思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Investigation Purpose:According to the rules of Union International de Pentathlon Modern,UIPM designates International Technical Officials (ITO) to judge the Modern Pentathlon competition of the Olympic Games and the Olympic Committee has the right to name the competition assistants,namely National Technical Officials (NTO).The competition organization work of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games not only should observe the international rules and conventions but also should show Chinese characteristics.Therefore,to train and organize the contingent of high-qualified NTOs with professional level and devoting spirit will be an important guarantee for the successful operation of the competition organizing work of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.The main purpose for the investigation is to provide the competition organizing personnel guarantee for the Modern Pentathlon competition of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games,which also can offer the theoretical basis and parameter for the decision-making of the related departments and leaders of Beijing Olympic Committee and Chinese Modern Pentathlon Association.Investigation Methods:The investigation methods of the thesis include literature consulting,expert visiting,questionnaire inquiring and statistics analyzing.Investigation Results:(1)Achieve a clear view on the current status of the Modern Pentathlon NTOs for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games,which lays the basis for reasonable utilization of the current resources,rational distribution of the posts and enhancement of the competition organizing and judging level.(2) The judging psychology of the Modern Pentathlon NTOs for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games is optimistic but a bit nervous.Investigation conclusions and advices concerned(1)Conclusions:1 Currently,the actual level of the Modern Pentathlon National NTOs for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games lags behind the required of the Olympic Games.Even though the personnel in key positions have strong professional competence,their foreign language application ability is weak,especially oral communication.;The age structure of the Modern Pentathlon NTOs for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games is relatively sound and they are also well-educated;At present,the number of the eligible Modern Pentathlon ITOs is small and the choice room is limited,which contributes their low crisis awareness and competing consciousness;The personnel mastering both Modern Pentathlon rules and foreign language are quite scarce.Meanwhile,the international judging experience lack and the overall training plan limitation still exist objectively.Although the Modern Pentathlon NTOs have realize the importance of foreign language learning.Absolute majority have strong desire for mastering English,but the incorrect method and the weak ability hinder their getting big progresses.(2) Advices:According to the actual status and requirements of NTOs,it is very urgent to compiling an Applied English Handbook and the NTO’s English learning can be directed with the book as training and examination material;It will be very effective and practical that Beijing Olympic Committee can arrange intensive foreign language trainings for different level learners,on the basis of the actual number and task of the NTOs in various events.Highlight protocol training in the process and make the discussion concentrated on the motifs "what a harmonious team to be established" and "How to establish a harmonious team" to strength macro-thinking and strategic research.Take China’s Modern Pentathlon training and the concept of long-term resource utilization as an important work to research and ponder.更多还原