【作者】 涂国荣； 党海军； 马锋； 王旭辉；

【Author】 TUGuo-Rong DANGHai-Jun MA-feng WAN xu-hui (Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024)

【机构】 西北核技术研究所；

【摘要】 地下核爆炸形成的空腔与地下高放废物处置库既相似,又有差异。相似之处是:地下核试验爆炸空腔本身就是一个小型核废物库,而且是未经过任何处理的核废料库;爆炸空腔玻璃体内留下大量的放射性核素,与高放废物处置库相比,核素的类别更丰富、半衰期更长、放射性的活度与毒性更大。差异是:高放废物处置库的地质环境要求绝对安全、可靠、岩体完整、断裂带较少;而地下核试验形成的空腔,则是在地下一定深度下被完全破坏了的地质环境,该环境可以用来类比和界定高放废物处置库在完全失效即-事故状态下对环境破坏的"极限"。本文提出了将地下核试验爆炸空腔,作为预测高放废物处置库在完全失效的情况下放射性核素由源相向近、远场释放、迁移研究的设想。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cavity of underground nuclear test is an high level radioactive waste repository,Contain a great deal of radionuclides in the vitrified rock formed by nuclear explosion.As compared with underground high level radioactive waste repository,radionuclides in the nuclear cavity possess longer half life,more activities and stronger toxicity.The geologic environment of high level radioactive waste repository requires absolute safety and reliability,the rock around repository must be integrated;However,geologic environment around nuclear cavity has been destroyed by the underground nuclear test.The cavity lies in certain depth,it can be utilized to simulate the extreme conditions in which the high level radioactive waste repository is fully disabled.In this article,nuclear cavity is used as an analogue of a severely destroyed high level radioactive waste repository and a prediction of the migration behavior of radionuclides releasing from fully destructed repository can be proposed by the research on the radionuclides in the nuclear cavity.更多还原