【作者】 洪也； 周德平； 马雁军； 李潮流； 刘宁微；

【Author】 HONG Ye1 ZHOU De-ping1 MA Yan-jun1 LI Chao-liu2 LIU Ning-wei1 1.Institute of Atmospheric Environment,CMA,Shenyang,Liaoning 110016; 2.Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,CAS,Beijing,100085

【机构】 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所； 中国科学院青藏高原研究所；

【摘要】 为了解城市春节期间大量燃放烟花爆竹造成的大气污染状况,2008年1月30日至2月9日,用安德森分级撞击式采样器在沈阳市城区进行了大气气溶胶分级采样,并用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)对细颗粒物样品中41种元素进行了分析。同时通过富集因子和主因子分析,讨论了沈阳市春节期间大气细颗粒物中元素的组成及来源。结果表明:大量燃放烟花爆竹使春节期间空气中污染物浓度急剧增加,颗粒物浓度在除夕夜零点达到最高值,约为平时的5倍多;同时大气细颗粒物中的元素浓度也明显高于冬季平时状态的数倍甚至数百倍,其中燃放烟花爆竹的标识元素Ba、Sr、K等元素浓度非常高;由交通和工业生产产生的污染元素Cd、As、B、Pb、Zn等在细颗粒物中也有大量的富集,显示了春节期间除燃放烟花爆竹造成的颗粒物污染外,来自冶炼、餐饮、化学工业以及汽车尾气等人为污染源的释放也占有重要地位。据此提出进一步限制烟花爆竹燃放及综合治理大气污染物排放的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 To understand atmospheric pollution status result from letting off firework during Spring festival in Shenyang, aerosol Samples were collected using Anderson sampler from 30,January to 9,February in 2008.The Concentrations of 41 trace elements were determined of .collected samples were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS, Thermo-Elemental Corp). Based on enrichment factors and the principal factor analysis, the elemental compositions and sources of fine particles during spring festival are discussed. The results indicate that letting off fireworks cause serious contamination and particle concentration at 0 o’clock in the New Year’s Eve is about 5 times higher than the common period. Meanwhile, element concentrations of fine particles is several times to several hundredfold times higher than the ordinary period. The concentration of identification elements for fireworks such as Ba、Sr、K and other elements also reach very high concentration. In addition, other polluted elements such as Cd、As、B、Pb、Zn derived from traffic and industry activities are significantly enriched in fine particles, indicating anthropogenic origins of smelting restaurant, chemical industry and automobile emissions play important role besides fireworks during this period. Finally, suggestions on controlling emissions of fireworks and comprehensive manage atmospheric pollutants are proposed based on the results.更多还原