陕西省吴起县退耕还林生态经济园林景观型植被建设技术试验示范

【作者】 朱金兆；

【机构】 北京林业大学；

【摘要】 黄土高原丰厚的黄土资源,充足的光照与温暖的、雨热同期的气候,提供了有利于植被建设的土壤条件和气候条件,而干旱少雨,尤其是长时期的春旱成为黄土高原植被建设的限制因子,降水的地带性和梁峁沟壑的侵蚀地形决定了黄土高原植被建设的地带性和随立地变化的复杂性。遵循上述自然法则,自"六五"以来国家科技攻关取得了黄土高原植被建设方面一系列的技术成果,包括黄土高原立地条件类型划分与适地适树技术,抗旱造林的径流林业与微灌的雨水利用技术,体现高效水土保持功能的植被空间配置与稳定的林分结构设计技术,遵循植被演替规律的仿拟自然植被重建技术,符合国情的高效集约农林牧复合可持续经营技术。综合运用上述技术可以保证黄土高原植被建设实现生物学、生态学和林学的稳定性,同时促进黄土高原农业产业结构的调整和农村经济的发展,有效地防治黄土高原地区的水土流失,实现生态修复,再造秀美山川。吴起县退耕还林森林公园的规划是上述技术综合集成的生态经济园林景观型退耕还林模式的试验示范。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Loess Plateau,featured with abundant loess resources,sufficient sunshine,hot and rainy summers,provides good soil and climate conditions for vegetation restoration and reconstruction.However,limits like drought in spring exist.And the precipitation with space distribution difference and fragmented landform of erodibility make a zonal and complicated vegetation construction.Based on the nature laws above,the Sixth Five Year State Key Technologies R & D Programme implemented and had series of technical achievements on vegetation construction,including"the classification of site conditions and suitable circumstance with proper plant","drought-resistance runoff forestry and rain utilization by micro-irrigation technology,the vegetation space distribution with efficient water-soil conservation performance and designs of stable forest structure","natural vegetation restoration following the vegetation succession law",and"sustainable management of integrated agro-forestry-husbandry system".By combined application of these technologies,vegetation construction on Loess Plateau can reach stabilities from biological, ecological,and forestry perspectives.And meanwhile,the agriculture structure can be adjusted and rural economy can be developed,along with improved environment. And Wuqi Forest Park is definitely an outstanding demonstration project that takes advantages of those new technologies.更多还原