【作者】 柳学周； 徐永江； 刘新富； 陈超； 王妍妍； 马爱军；

【Author】 LIU Xue-Zhou,XU Yong-Jiang,LIU Xin-Fu,CHEN Chao,WANG Yan-Yan,MA AI-Jun (Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resource,Ministry of Agriculture,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

【机构】 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室；

【摘要】 对条斑星鲽(Verasper moseri)早期生长发育特征进行了系统的观察和测量,描述了胚胎和胚后各发育阶段的生长发育特征。条斑星鲽成熟卵子为悬浮性、端黄卵,圆球形,卵径1.7-1.9 mm,无油球。在水温9.0±0.5℃,盐度32-35,pH 8.0-8.3条件下,受精卵经196.3 h孵化出膜。仔稚鱼培育在室内水泥池进行,在水温12-14℃,盐度30-33,pH 8.0-8.3条件下,7日龄仔鱼卵黄囊消耗殆尽,开口,肛门与外界相通,开始进入外源性营养阶段。仔鱼开口饵料为L型褶皱臂尾轮虫,8日龄仔鱼开始摄食轮虫和藻,12日龄开始摄食卤虫无节幼体,30日龄开始进行配合饲料转化,40日龄后苗种摄食配合饲料良好。生活史无鳔。脊椎骨末端上曲发生在21日龄,至28日龄完成。70日龄幼鱼鳞片和侧线已形成,鳍条数量与成体完全一致,在体态上与成体无明显区别。特别关注了其变态过程:32日龄进入变态期,左侧眼睛开始上移,42日龄眼睛转移至头项,50日龄眼睛转到右侧,完成变态。同时,研究了各个鳍的发生及生长过程:背鳍、胸鳍、腹鳍、尾鳍、臀鳍分别发生于19d、0d、20d、19d、10d,至50日龄幼鱼,除胸鳍外其它鳍的鳍条数与成鱼一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 Barfin flounder is always found along the coastal line of Japan,Korean and China.Morphological characters were studied in the early life stages of the barfin flounder,including development characters of embryonic stage,morphological and growth characters of yolk sac larva,preflexion larva,postflexion larva and juveniles.Broodfish were cultured in indoor concrete tanks(5.0 m diameter×1.0 m deep) with a flow through water exchanger,achieving a renewal of 400%-500%per day with constant aeration.The water qualities were:temperature 12.0-21.0℃,salinity 30-33,pH 8.0-9.0.Artificial photothermal conditioning control was applied to induce maturation of barfin flounder.Fertilized eggs were got by dry artificial insemination method.Eggs were transferred into incubation tanks(200 L in volume) maintained at temperature of 9.0±0.5℃,salinity 33-35 and pH 8.0-8.3 with a flowing water.Fertilized eggs was sampled every 30-60 min,observed with the NIKON MSZ800 microscope.The morphological characters of the specific developmental stages were recorded by the digital camera(Nikon coolpix 4500). The fertilized eggs were spherical in shape,measuring 1.7-1.9 mm in diameter and the embryos hatched out about 196.3h post fertilization.Total body length of newly hatched larvae was 4.92±0.29 mm,and the intestine was thin,short and straight,and then became longer,curled and complicated with the strengthened digestion ability. Newly hatched larvae were transferred into nursery tanks,which were concrete spherical tanks with 1.0 meters high and 5 meters in diameter under the follow conditions:temperature was 12-14℃,salinity 30-33, pH 7.6-8.4,DO≥5mg/L.Water in nursery tanks was flowing with gentle aeration,water change gradually increased from 20%to 100%.Unicellular algae(Chlorella sp.) was added to the tank at 3 DAH(days after hatching),and maintained at the density 10-15×105cells ml-1 till 18 DAH.Rotifers Brachionus plicatili was added at 6 DAH and maintained with density of 5-10 ind.ml-1 till 18 DAH.The 13-day-old post-larvae were fed nauplii of brine shrimp Artemia salina at a food density of 0.5-1.5 ind.ml-1 till 45 DAH.Larvae weaned to commercial diet began at 30DAH and feed commercial diet forwardly after 40 DAH.更多还原