【作者】 顾健； 武高辉；

【Author】 GU Jian,WU Gaohui (School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001)

【机构】 哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院；

【摘要】 针对目前日益严重的振动和噪声问题,本文采用浸渗法分别制得了两种空心球（空心微珠FA和Al₂O₃空心球）/环氧（EP）复合材料,并对其进行了密度、微观形貌和阻尼性能进行了研究。首先通过排水法测试了复合材料的密度,结果显示空心微珠/环氧复合材料的密度（1.12g/cm³）要高于Al₂O₃空心球/环氧复合材料的密度（1.06g/cm³）,通过复合材料表面和断口的扫描（SEM）照片观察发现空心球在基体中分布均匀,并与基体粘结较好;阻尼性能的测试是采用动态力学热分析仪（DMA）,通过拉伸-压缩的方法在变温条件下完成的,研究结果显示,相同体积分数下,空心微珠/环氧复合材料的损耗因子高出Al₂O₃空心球/环氧复合材料0.035左右,计算表明两者的阻尼/密度比（比密度阻尼）相近。但是前者的阻尼温域(T_tanδ>0.5更宽,显示了良好的阻尼性能。因此这两种材料在减振降噪、环保和汽车等领域都具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the increasing severe problems of vibration and noise,two kinds of hollow spheres（fly ash（FA）and Al₂O₃ microspheres）/epoxy encapsulation composites were prepared by infiltration in our paper.The density,morphology as well as damping properties of composites were investigated.Specifically,the densities of composites were measured by the drainage,and the results indicated that the density of FA/epoxy composites was 1.12g/cm³,which was higher than that of Al₂O₃ microspheres/epoxy composites（1.06g/cm³）.SEM fractographs showed that the hollow spheres were distributed into the matrix homogeneously,and combined well with the matrix.Damping of hollow spheres/epoxy composites was performed in a temperature（-40℃～150℃）by using a tension-compression mode.The results displayed that the peak loss factor（tanδ）and the loss factor/density（specific density damping）of FA/epoxy composite was close to that of Al₂O₃ microspheres/epoxy composite with the same volume fraction, which indicated that these two composites have good damping properties.Therefore,the two composites had the extensive application foreground in the fields of vibration and noise, environmental protection and automotive.更多还原