【作者】 陈俊飞； 谢敏豪； 李依璇； 胥国和；

【Author】 Junfei Chen Minhao Xie Yixuan Li Guohe Xu (Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084)

【机构】 北京体育大学；

【摘要】 目的研究体能项目运动员高住（相当于3000m）高练（相当于2500m）低训（HiHiLo）对红细胞等血象指标的影响。为今后不同海拔高度的高住高练低训（HiHiLo）科学有效地应用提供参考依据。方法受试者为8名运动员为中长距离体能项目运动员,4周实验期间每晚在低氧房中暴露（居住）10h,受试者常规训练方案与实验前保持一致,增加每周两次,每次30分钟相当于72%VO_2max强度的低氧功率自行车训练。在低氧暴露前、急性暴露10h 木及暴露第1周末、第2周木、第3周末和第4周末分别采静脉血8ml,共6次。研究红细胞等血象指标变化。用美国 Bayer 公司 ADVIA120 血细胞分析仪测定红细胞数目（red blood cell RBC）、血红蛋白（hemoglobin Hb）、红细胞压积（hematocrit Hct）、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（mean corpuscularhemoglobin MCH）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration MCHC）、网织红细胞百分比（Ret%）。结果红细胞计数影响不大、Hct 略有上升,并无显著性增加、Hb、MCH、MCHC第1周末达到最高值,第2周末开始下降, 第3、4周末下降至实验前水平,Hb、MCH 无显著性的上升或下降,MCHC 第1周与实验前相比有显著性的上升,第3、4周木与急性暴露10h 末和第1周末相比出现非常显著性的下降,Ret%没有显著性变化。结论与以往的高住高练低训（相当海拔要低一些）相比,本研究中体能项目运动员四周的高位（相当于3000m）高练（相当于2500m）低训（平原）对红细胞等血象指标整体影响不大,仅 MCHC 第1周末与实验前相比有显并性的上升,第3、4周末与急性暴露10h 末和第1周末相比出现非常显著性的下降；研究表明每天低氧暴露中氧有效刺激浓度暴露时间不得少于10h,本研究低氧有效刺激时间不足和运动训练强度过大可能是血象指标没有显著性变化的原因；低氧急性暴露应先在海拔高度相对低一点的氧浓度环境中进行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Purpose This paperaims to analyze the changes of hematology parameters of physical athletes during Living High（3000m）,Exercise High（2500m）,Training Low Provide useful parameters for usages of different altitudes HiHiLo training in future training,to make sure it was done scientifically. Methods Eight physical athletes live at 14.0-16.9% oxygenic level at least 10h every day for,exercise at 15.3% oxygenic level,equivalent to 2500m above sea level,the intensity is equal to 72%VO_2max,training at sea level attitude for four weeks,the blood samples were taken in the moming before hypoxia and after 10 hours,one week,two weeks,three weeks,four weeks hypoxia,the changes of the Red Blood Cell（RBC）、 Hemoglobin（Hb）、Hematocrit（Hct）、Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin（MCH）、Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration（MCHC）、and Percentage of Retic（Ret%）were analyzed Results Compare to pre-hypoxia,MCHC after first week hypoxia increased significantly（P＜0.05）;compare to after 10 hours or the end of first week,MCHC of three weeks’and four weeks’decreased very significantly（P＜0.01）, however,there was no change in RBC and Ret%,Hb and MCH showed a tendency to decrease at the end of the experiment,Hct showed a tendency to increase at the end of the experiment Conclusions Compare to former studies（different altitudes）,Living High（3000m）,Exercise High（2500m）,Training Low does not have a better affection on hematology;The least hypoxia time dose at enough oxygenic level is 10h everyday,insufficient hypoxia at enough oxygenic level may lead to the unsatisfied results of this experiment;overtraining may also lead to this result;it is better to hypoxia at high oxygenic level during first 10 hours.更多还原